Because ->pre_destroy() could fail and can't be called under
cgroup_mutex, cgroup destruction did something very ugly.
1. Grab cgroup_mutex and verify it can be destroyed; fail otherwise.
2. Release cgroup_mutex and call ->pre_destroy().
3. Re-grab cgroup_mutex and verify it can still be destroyed; fail
otherwise.
4. Continue destroying.
In addition to being ugly, it has been always broken in various ways.
For example, memcg ->pre_destroy() expects the cgroup to be inactive
after it's done but tasks can be attached and detached between #2 and
#3 and the conditions that memcg verified in ->pre_destroy() might no
longer hold by the time control reaches #3.
Now that ->pre_destroy() is no longer allowed to fail. We can switch
to the following.
1. Grab cgroup_mutex and verify it can be destroyed; fail otherwise.
2. Deactivate CSS's and mark the cgroup removed thus preventing any
further operations which can invalidate the verification from #1.
3. Release cgroup_mutex and call ->pre_destroy().
4. Re-grab cgroup_mutex and continue destroying.
After this change, controllers can safely assume that ->pre_destroy()
will only be called only once for a given cgroup and, once
->pre_destroy() is called, the cgroup will stay dormant till it's
destroyed.
This removes the only reason ->pre_destroy() can fail - new task being
attached or child cgroup being created inbetween. Error out path is
removed and ->pre_destroy() invocation is open coded in
cgroup_rmdir().
v2: cgroup_call_pre_destroy() removal moved to this patch per Michal.
Commit message updated per Glauber.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
Cc: Glauber Costa <glommer@parallels.com>
This patch makes cgroup_create() fail if @parent is marked removed.
This is to prepare for further updates to cgroup_rmdir() path.
Note that this change isn't strictly necessary. cgroup can only be
created via mkdir and the removed marking and dentry removal happen
without releasing cgroup_mutex, so cgroup_create() can never race with
cgroup_rmdir(). Even after the scheduled updates to cgroup_rmdir(),
cgroup_mkdir() and cgroup_rmdir() are synchronized by i_mutex
rendering the added liveliness check unnecessary.
Do it anyway such that locking is contained inside cgroup proper and
we don't get nasty surprises if we ever grow another caller of
cgroup_create().
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
CSS_REMOVED is one of the several contortions which were necessary to
support css reference draining on cgroup removal. All css->refcnts
which need draining should be deactivated and verified to equal zero
atomically w.r.t. css_tryget(). If any one isn't zero, all refcnts
needed to be re-activated and css_tryget() shouldn't fail in the
process.
This was achieved by letting css_tryget() busy-loop until either the
refcnt is reactivated (failed removal attempt) or CSS_REMOVED is set
(committing to removal).
Now that css refcnt draining is no longer used, there's no need for
atomic rollback mechanism. css_tryget() simply can look at the
reference count and fail if it's deactivated - it's never getting
re-activated.
This patch removes CSS_REMOVED and updates __css_tryget() to fail if
the refcnt is deactivated. As deactivation and removal are a single
step now, they no longer need to be protected against css_tryget()
happening from irq context. Remove local_irq_disable/enable() from
cgroup_rmdir().
Note that this removes css_is_removed() whose only user is VM_BUG_ON()
in memcontrol.c. We can replace it with a check on the refcnt but
given that the only use case is a debug assert, I think it's better to
simply unexport it.
v2: Comment updated and explanation on local_irq_disable/enable()
added per Michal Hocko.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
2ef37d3fe4 ("memcg: Simplify mem_cgroup_force_empty_list error
handling") removed the last user of __DEPRECATED_clear_css_refs. This
patch removes __DEPRECATED_clear_css_refs and mechanisms to support
it.
* Conditionals dependent on __DEPRECATED_clear_css_refs removed.
* cgroup_clear_css_refs() can no longer fail. All that needs to be
done are deactivating refcnts, setting CSS_REMOVED and putting the
base reference on each css. Remove cgroup_clear_css_refs() and the
failure path, and open-code the loops into cgroup_rmdir().
This patch keeps the two for_each_subsys() loops separate while open
coding them. They can be merged now but there are scheduled changes
which need them to be separate, so keep them separate to reduce the
amount of churn.
local_irq_save/restore() from cgroup_clear_css_refs() are replaced
with local_irq_disable/enable() for simplicity. This is safe as
cgroup_rmdir() is always called with IRQ enabled. Note that this IRQ
switching is necessary to ensure that css_tryget() isn't called from
IRQ context on the same CPU while lower context is between CSS
deactivation and setting CSS_REMOVED as css_tryget() would hang
forever in such cases waiting for CSS to be re-activated or
CSS_REMOVED set. This will go away soon.
v2: cgroup_call_pre_destroy() removal dropped per Michal. Commit
message updated to explain local_irq_disable/enable() conversion.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
No functional changes.
powerpc is the only user of arch_uprobe_enable/disable_step() helpers,
but they should die. They can not be used correctly, every arch needs
its own implementation (like x86 does). And they do not really help
even as initial-and-almost-working code, arch_uprobe_*_xol() hooks can
easily use user_enable/disable_single_step() directly.
Change arch_uprobe_*_step() to do nothing, and convert powerpc to use
ptrace helpers. This is equally wrong, powerpc needs the arch-specific
fixes.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Add trace_options to the kernel command line parameter to be able to
set options at early boot. For example, to enable stack dumps of
events, add the following:
trace_options=stacktrace
This along with the trace_event option, you can get not only
traces of the events but also the stack dumps with them.
Requested-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Have the ring buffer commit function use the irq_work infrastructure to
wake up any waiters waiting on the ring buffer for new data. The irq_work
was created for such a purpose, where doing the actual wake up at the
time of adding data is too dangerous, as an event or function trace may
be in the midst of the work queue locks and cause deadlocks. The irq_work
will either delay the action to the next timer interrupt, or trigger an IPI
to itself forcing an interrupt to do the work (in a safe location).
With irq_work, all ring buffer commits can safely do wakeups, removing
the need for the ring buffer commit "nowake" variants, which were used
by events and function tracing. All commits can now safely use the
normal commit, and the "nowake" variants can be removed.
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
The tracing_enabled file was used as a quick way to stop
tracers, and try to bring down overhead for things like
the latency tracers (irqsoff, wakeup, etc). But it didn't
work that well.
The tracing_on file was created as a really fast way to
stop recording into the ftrace ring buffer and can interact
with the kernel. That is a tracing_off() call in the kernel
can disable recording of events, and then from userspace one
could echo 1 into the tracing_on file to continue it. The
tracing_enabled function did too much to allow for this.
The tracing_on has taken over as a way to start and stop tracing
and the tracing_enabled file should not be used. But because of
its existance, it still confuses people. Over a year ago the
following commit was added:
commit 6752ab4a9c30d5411b2dfdb251a3f1cb18aae487
Author: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Date: Tue Feb 8 13:54:06 2011 -0500
tracing: Deprecate tracing_enabled for tracing_on
This commit added a WARN_ON() if the tracing_enabled file's variable
was changed. After this was added, only LatencyTop complained, and
they soon fixed their tool as there was no reason that LatencyTop
should touch this file as it was using the perf ring buffers which
this file does not interact with. But since that time no one else
has complained about this WARN_ON(). Thus it is safe to assume that
this file is no longer needed. Time to get rid of it.
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
The tracing_enabled file has been deprecated as it never was able
to serve its purpose well. The tracing_on file has taken over.
Instead of having code to keep tracing_enabled, have the tracing_enabled
file just set tracing_on, and remove the tracing_enabled variable.
This allows us to remove the tracing_enabled file. The reason that
the remove is in a different change set and not removed here is
in case we find some lonely userspace tool that requires the file
to exist. Then the removal patch will get reverted, but this one
will not.
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
The function register_tracer() is only used by kernel core code,
that never needs to remove the tracer. As trace_events have become
the main way to add new tracing to the kernel, the need to
unregister a tracer has diminished. Remove the unused function
unregister_tracer(). If a need arises where we need it, then we
can always add it back.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
The open function used by available_events is the same as set_event even
though it uses different seq functions. This causes a side effect of
writing into available_events clearing all events, even though
available_events is suppose to be read only.
There's no reason to keep a single function for just the open and have
both use different functions for everything else. It is a little
confusing and causes strange behavior. Just have each have their own
function.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
ring_buffer_oldest_event_ts() should return a value of u64 type, because
ring_buffer_per_cpu->buffer_page->buffer_data_page->time_stamp is u64 type.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1349998076-15495-5-git-send-email-dhsharp@google.com
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Vaibhav Nagarnaik <vnagarnaik@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Yoshihiro YUNOMAE <yoshihiro.yunomae.ez@hitachi.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sharp <dhsharp@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Because the "tsc" clock isn't in nanoseconds, the ring buffer must be
reset when changing clocks so that incomparable timestamps don't end up
in the same trace.
Tested: Confirmed switching clocks resets the trace buffer.
Google-Bug-Id: 6980623
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1349998076-15495-3-git-send-email-dhsharp@google.com
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <masami.hiramatsu.pt@hitachi.com>
Signed-off-by: David Sharp <dhsharp@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
This patch removes the timecompare code from the kernel. The top five
reasons to do this are:
1. There are no more users of this code.
2. The original idea was a bit weak.
3. The original author has disappeared.
4. The code was not general purpose but tuned to a particular hardware,
5. There are better ways to accomplish clock synchronization.
Signed-off-by: Richard Cochran <richardcochran@gmail.com>
Acked-by: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Bob Liu <lliubbo@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
In the comments of function tick_sched_timer(), the sentence
"timer->base->cpu_base->lock held" is not right.
In function __run_hrtimer(), before call timer->function(),
the cpu_base->lock has been unlocked.
Signed-off-by: liu chuansheng <chuansheng.liu@intel.com>
Cc: fei.li@intel.com
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1351098455.15558.1421.camel@cliu38-desktop-build
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
As irq_thread_check_affinity is called ONLY inside the while loop in
the irq thread, the core affinity is set only when an interrupt
occurs. This patch sets the core affinity right after the irq thread
is created and before it waits for interrupts. In real-tiime targets
that do not typically change the core affinity of irqs during
run-time, this patch will save additional latency of an irq thread in
setting the core affinity during the first interrupt occurrence for
that irq.
Signed-off-by: Sankara S Muthukrishnan <sankara.m@ni.com>
Acked-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/CAFQPvXeVZ858WFYimEU5uvLNxLDd6bJMmqWihFmbCf3ntokz0A@mail.gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Attempts to retrigger nested threaded IRQs currently fail because they
have no primary handler. In order to support retrigger of nested
IRQs, the parent IRQ needs to be retriggered.
To fix, when an IRQ needs to be resent, if the interrupt has a parent
IRQ and runs in the context of the parent IRQ, then resend the parent.
Also, handle_nested_irq() needs to clear the replay flag like the
other handlers, otherwise check_irq_resend() will set it and it will
never be cleared. Without clearing, it results in the first resend
working fine, but check_irq_resend() returning early on subsequent
resends because the replay flag is still set.
Problem discovered on ARM/OMAP platforms where a nested IRQ that's
also a wakeup IRQ happens late in suspend and needed to be retriggered
during the resume process.
[khilman@ti.com: changelog edits, clear IRQS_REPLAY in handle_nested_irq()]
Reported-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@ti.com>
Tested-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@ti.com>
Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1350425269-11489-1-git-send-email-khilman@deeprootsystems.com
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Siddhesh analyzed a failure in the take over of pi futexes in case the
owner died and provided a workaround.
See: http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=14076
The detailed problem analysis shows:
Futex F is initialized with PTHREAD_PRIO_INHERIT and
PTHREAD_MUTEX_ROBUST_NP attributes.
T1 lock_futex_pi(F);
T2 lock_futex_pi(F);
--> T2 blocks on the futex and creates pi_state which is associated
to T1.
T1 exits
--> exit_robust_list() runs
--> Futex F userspace value TID field is set to 0 and
FUTEX_OWNER_DIED bit is set.
T3 lock_futex_pi(F);
--> Succeeds due to the check for F's userspace TID field == 0
--> Claims ownership of the futex and sets its own TID into the
userspace TID field of futex F
--> returns to user space
T1 --> exit_pi_state_list()
--> Transfers pi_state to waiter T2 and wakes T2 via
rt_mutex_unlock(&pi_state->mutex)
T2 --> acquires pi_state->mutex and gains real ownership of the
pi_state
--> Claims ownership of the futex and sets its own TID into the
userspace TID field of futex F
--> returns to user space
T3 --> observes inconsistent state
This problem is independent of UP/SMP, preemptible/non preemptible
kernels, or process shared vs. private. The only difference is that
certain configurations are more likely to expose it.
So as Siddhesh correctly analyzed the following check in
futex_lock_pi_atomic() is the culprit:
if (unlikely(ownerdied || !(curval & FUTEX_TID_MASK))) {
We check the userspace value for a TID value of 0 and take over the
futex unconditionally if that's true.
AFAICT this check is there as it is correct for a different corner
case of futexes: the WAITERS bit became stale.
Now the proposed change
- if (unlikely(ownerdied || !(curval & FUTEX_TID_MASK))) {
+ if (unlikely(ownerdied ||
+ !(curval & (FUTEX_TID_MASK | FUTEX_WAITERS)))) {
solves the problem, but it's not obvious why and it wreckages the
"stale WAITERS bit" case.
What happens is, that due to the WAITERS bit being set (T2 is blocked
on that futex) it enforces T3 to go through lookup_pi_state(), which
in the above case returns an existing pi_state and therefor forces T3
to legitimately fight with T2 over the ownership of the pi_state (via
pi_state->mutex). Probelm solved!
Though that does not work for the "WAITERS bit is stale" problem
because if lookup_pi_state() does not find existing pi_state it
returns -ERSCH (due to TID == 0) which causes futex_lock_pi() to
return -ESRCH to user space because the OWNER_DIED bit is not set.
Now there is a different solution to that problem. Do not look at the
user space value at all and enforce a lookup of possibly available
pi_state. If pi_state can be found, then the new incoming locker T3
blocks on that pi_state and legitimately races with T2 to acquire the
rt_mutex and the pi_state and therefor the proper ownership of the
user space futex.
lookup_pi_state() has the correct order of checks. It first tries to
find a pi_state associated with the user space futex and only if that
fails it checks for futex TID value = 0. If no pi_state is available
nothing can create new state at that point because this happens with
the hash bucket lock held.
So the above scenario changes to:
T1 lock_futex_pi(F);
T2 lock_futex_pi(F);
--> T2 blocks on the futex and creates pi_state which is associated
to T1.
T1 exits
--> exit_robust_list() runs
--> Futex F userspace value TID field is set to 0 and
FUTEX_OWNER_DIED bit is set.
T3 lock_futex_pi(F);
--> Finds pi_state and blocks on pi_state->rt_mutex
T1 --> exit_pi_state_list()
--> Transfers pi_state to waiter T2 and wakes it via
rt_mutex_unlock(&pi_state->mutex)
T2 --> acquires pi_state->mutex and gains ownership of the pi_state
--> Claims ownership of the futex and sets its own TID into the
userspace TID field of futex F
--> returns to user space
This covers all gazillion points on which T3 might come in between
T1's exit_robust_list() clearing the TID field and T2 fixing it up. It
also solves the "WAITERS bit stale" problem by forcing the take over.
Another benefit of changing the code this way is that it makes it less
dependent on untrusted user space values and therefor minimizes the
possible wreckage which might be inflicted.
As usual after staring for too long at the futex code my brain hurts
so much that I really want to ditch that whole optimization of
avoiding the syscall for the non contended case for PI futexes and rip
out the maze of corner case handling code. Unfortunately we can't as
user space relies on that existing behaviour, but at least thinking
about it helps me to preserve my mental sanity. Maybe we should
nevertheless :)
Reported-and-tested-by: Siddhesh Poyarekar <siddhesh.poyarekar@gmail.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.LFD.2.02.1210232138540.2756@ionos
Acked-by: Darren Hart <dvhart@linux.intel.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
The functions defined in include/trace/syscalls.h are not used directly
since struct ftrace_event_class was introduced. Remove them from the
header file and rearrange the ftrace_event_class declarations in
trace_syscalls.c.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1339112785-21806-2-git-send-email-vnagarnaik@google.com
Signed-off-by: Vaibhav Nagarnaik <vnagarnaik@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Remove ftrace_format_syscall() declaration; it is neither defined nor
used. Also update a comment and formatting.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1339112785-21806-1-git-send-email-vnagarnaik@google.com
Signed-off-by: David Sharp <dhsharp@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Vaibhav Nagarnaik <vnagarnaik@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Whenever an event is registered, the comm of tasks are saved at
every task switch instead of saving them at every event. But if
an event isn't executed much, the comm cache will be filled up
by tasks that did not record the event and you lose out on the comms
that did.
Here's an example, if you enable the following events:
echo 1 > /debug/tracing/events/kvm/kvm_cr/enable
echo 1 > /debug/tracing/events/net/net_dev_xmit/enable
Note, there's no kvm running on this machine so the first event will
never be triggered, but because it is enabled, the storing of comms
will continue. If we now disable the network event:
echo 0 > /debug/tracing/events/net/net_dev_xmit/enable
and look at the trace:
cat /debug/tracing/trace
sshd-2672 [001] ..s2 375.731616: net_dev_xmit: dev=eth0 skbaddr=ffff88005cbb6de0 len=242 rc=0
sshd-2672 [001] ..s1 375.731617: net_dev_xmit: dev=br0 skbaddr=ffff88005cbb6de0 len=242 rc=0
sshd-2672 [001] ..s2 375.859356: net_dev_xmit: dev=eth0 skbaddr=ffff88005cbb6de0 len=242 rc=0
sshd-2672 [001] ..s1 375.859357: net_dev_xmit: dev=br0 skbaddr=ffff88005cbb6de0 len=242 rc=0
sshd-2672 [001] ..s2 375.947351: net_dev_xmit: dev=eth0 skbaddr=ffff88005cbb6de0 len=242 rc=0
sshd-2672 [001] ..s1 375.947352: net_dev_xmit: dev=br0 skbaddr=ffff88005cbb6de0 len=242 rc=0
sshd-2672 [001] ..s2 376.035383: net_dev_xmit: dev=eth0 skbaddr=ffff88005cbb6de0 len=242 rc=0
sshd-2672 [001] ..s1 376.035383: net_dev_xmit: dev=br0 skbaddr=ffff88005cbb6de0 len=242 rc=0
sshd-2672 [001] ..s2 377.563806: net_dev_xmit: dev=eth0 skbaddr=ffff88005cbb6de0 len=226 rc=0
sshd-2672 [001] ..s1 377.563807: net_dev_xmit: dev=br0 skbaddr=ffff88005cbb6de0 len=226 rc=0
sshd-2672 [001] ..s2 377.563834: net_dev_xmit: dev=eth0 skbaddr=ffff88005cbb6be0 len=114 rc=0
sshd-2672 [001] ..s1 377.563842: net_dev_xmit: dev=br0 skbaddr=ffff88005cbb6be0 len=114 rc=0
We see that process 2672 which triggered the events has the comm "sshd".
But if we run hackbench for a bit and look again:
cat /debug/tracing/trace
<...>-2672 [001] ..s2 375.731616: net_dev_xmit: dev=eth0 skbaddr=ffff88005cbb6de0 len=242 rc=0
<...>-2672 [001] ..s1 375.731617: net_dev_xmit: dev=br0 skbaddr=ffff88005cbb6de0 len=242 rc=0
<...>-2672 [001] ..s2 375.859356: net_dev_xmit: dev=eth0 skbaddr=ffff88005cbb6de0 len=242 rc=0
<...>-2672 [001] ..s1 375.859357: net_dev_xmit: dev=br0 skbaddr=ffff88005cbb6de0 len=242 rc=0
<...>-2672 [001] ..s2 375.947351: net_dev_xmit: dev=eth0 skbaddr=ffff88005cbb6de0 len=242 rc=0
<...>-2672 [001] ..s1 375.947352: net_dev_xmit: dev=br0 skbaddr=ffff88005cbb6de0 len=242 rc=0
<...>-2672 [001] ..s2 376.035383: net_dev_xmit: dev=eth0 skbaddr=ffff88005cbb6de0 len=242 rc=0
<...>-2672 [001] ..s1 376.035383: net_dev_xmit: dev=br0 skbaddr=ffff88005cbb6de0 len=242 rc=0
<...>-2672 [001] ..s2 377.563806: net_dev_xmit: dev=eth0 skbaddr=ffff88005cbb6de0 len=226 rc=0
<...>-2672 [001] ..s1 377.563807: net_dev_xmit: dev=br0 skbaddr=ffff88005cbb6de0 len=226 rc=0
<...>-2672 [001] ..s2 377.563834: net_dev_xmit: dev=eth0 skbaddr=ffff88005cbb6be0 len=114 rc=0
<...>-2672 [001] ..s1 377.563842: net_dev_xmit: dev=br0 skbaddr=ffff88005cbb6be0 len=114 rc=0
The stored "sshd" comm has been flushed out and we get a useless "<...>".
But by only storing comms after a trace event occurred, we can run
hackbench all day and still get the same output.
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
The functon tracing_sched_wakeup_trace() does an open coded unlock
commit and save stack. This is what the trace_nowake_buffer_unlock_commit()
is for.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
If comm recording is not enabled when trace_printk() is used then
you just get this type of output:
[ adding trace_printk("hello! %d", irq); in do_IRQ ]
<...>-2843 [001] d.h. 80.812300: do_IRQ: hello! 14
<...>-2734 [002] d.h2 80.824664: do_IRQ: hello! 14
<...>-2713 [003] d.h. 80.829971: do_IRQ: hello! 14
<...>-2814 [000] d.h. 80.833026: do_IRQ: hello! 14
By enabling the comm recorder when trace_printk is enabled:
hackbench-6715 [001] d.h. 193.233776: do_IRQ: hello! 21
sshd-2659 [001] d.h. 193.665862: do_IRQ: hello! 21
<idle>-0 [001] d.h1 193.665996: do_IRQ: hello! 21
Suggested-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Since tracing is not used by 99% of Linux users, even though tracing
may be configured in, it does not make sense to allocate 1.4 Megs
per CPU for the ring buffers if they are not used. Thus, on boot up
the ring buffers are set to a minimal size until something needs the
and they are expanded.
This works well for events and tracers (function, etc), but for the
asynchronous use of trace_printk() which can write to the ring buffer
at any time, does not expand the buffers.
On boot up a check is made to see if any trace_printk() is used to
see if the trace_printk() temp buffer pages should be allocated. This
same code can be used to expand the buffers as well.
Suggested-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
The existing 'overrun' counter is incremented when the ring
buffer wraps around, with overflow on (the default). We wanted
a way to count requests lost from the buffer filling up with
overflow off, too. I decided to add a new counter instead
of retro-fitting the existing one because it seems like a
different statistic to count conceptually, and also because
of how the code was structured.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1310765038-26399-1-git-send-email-slavapestov@google.com
Signed-off-by: Slava Pestov <slavapestov@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
print_max and use_max_tr in struct tracer are "int" variables and
used like flags. This is wasteful, so change the type to "bool".
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20121002082710.9807.86393.stgit@falsita
Signed-off-by: Hiraku Toyooka <hiraku.toyooka.gu@hitachi.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
There's times during debugging that it is helpful to see traces of early
boot functions. But the tracers are initialized at device_initcall()
which is quite late during the boot process. Setting the kernel command
line parameter ftrace=function will not show anything until the function
tracer is initialized. This prevents being able to trace functions before
device_initcall().
There's no reason that the tracers need to be initialized so late in the
boot process. Move them up to core_initcall() as they still need to come
after early_initcall() which initializes the tracing buffers.
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Masaki found and patched a kallsyms issue: the last symbol in a
module's symtab wasn't transferred. This is because we manually copy
the zero'th entry (which is always empty) then copy the rest in a loop
starting at 1, though from src[0]. His fix was minimal, I prefer to
rewrite the loops in more standard form.
There are two loops: one to get the size, and one to copy. Make these
identical: always count entry 0 and any defined symbol in an allocated
non-init section.
This bug exists since the following commit was introduced.
module: reduce symbol table for loaded modules (v2)
commit: 4a4962263f07d14660849ec134ee42b63e95ea9a
LKML: http://lkml.org/lkml/2012/10/24/27
Reported-by: Masaki Kimura <masaki.kimura.kz@hitachi.com>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Due to these two commits:
8323f26ce342 sched: Fix race in task_group()
800d4d30c8f2 sched, autogroup: Stop going ahead if autogroup is disabled
... autogroup scheduling's dynamic knobs are wrecked.
With both patches applied, all you have to do to crash a box is
disable autogroup during boot up, then reboot.. boom, NULL pointer
dereference due to 800d4d30 not allowing autogroup to move things,
and 8323f26ce making that the only way to switch runqueues.
Remove most of the (dysfunctional) knobs and turn the remaining
sched_autogroup_enabled knob readonly.
If the user fiddles with cgroups hereafter, once tasks
are moved, autogroup won't mess with them again unless
they call setsid().
No knobs, no glitz, nada, just a cute little thing folks can
turn on if they don't want to muck about with cgroups and/or
systemd.
Signed-off-by: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Xiaotian Feng <xtfeng@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Xiaotian Feng <dannyfeng@tencent.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v3.6
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1351451963.4999.8.camel@maggy.simpson.net
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
I've been trying to get hardware breakpoints with perf to work
on POWER7 but I'm getting the following:
% perf record -e mem:0x10000000 true
Error: sys_perf_event_open() syscall returned with 28 (No space left on device). /bin/dmesg may provide additional information.
Fatal: No CONFIG_PERF_EVENTS=y kernel support configured?
true: Terminated
(FWIW adding -a and it works fine)
Debugging it seems that __reserve_bp_slot() is returning ENOSPC
because it thinks there are no free breakpoint slots on this
CPU.
I have a 2 CPUs, so perf userspace is doing two perf_event_open
syscalls to add a counter to each CPU [1]. The first syscall
succeeds but the second is failing.
On this second syscall, fetch_bp_busy_slots() sets slots.pinned
to be 1, despite there being no breakpoint on this CPU. This is
because the call the task_bp_pinned, checks all CPUs, rather
than just the current CPU. POWER7 only has one hardware
breakpoint per CPU (ie. HBP_NUM=1), so we return ENOSPC.
The following patch fixes this by checking the associated CPU
for each breakpoint in task_bp_pinned. I'm not familiar with
this code, so it's provided as a reference to the above issue.
Signed-off-by: Michael Neuling <mikey@neuling.org>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <michael@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Jovi Zhang <bookjovi@gmail.com>
Cc: K Prasad <prasad@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1351268936-2956-1-git-send-email-fweisbec@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
vtime_account() doesn't have the same role in
CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING and CONFIG_IRQ_TIME_ACCOUNTING.
In the first case it handles time accounting in any context. In
the second case it only handles irq time accounting.
So when vtime_account() is called from outside vtime_account_irq_*()
this call is pointless to CONFIG_IRQ_TIME_ACCOUNTING.
To fix the confusion, change vtime_account() to irqtime_account_irq()
in CONFIG_IRQ_TIME_ACCOUNTING. This way we ensure future account_vtime()
calls won't waste useless cycles in the irqtime APIs.
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
With CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING, when vtime_account()
is called in irq entry/exit, we perform a check on the
context: if we are interrupting the idle task we
account the pending cputime to idle, otherwise account
to system time or its sub-areas: tsk->stime, hardirq time,
softirq time, ...
However this check for idle only concerns the hardirq entry
and softirq entry:
* Hardirq may directly interrupt the idle task, in which case
we need to flush the pending CPU time to idle.
* The idle task may be directly interrupted by a softirq if
it calls local_bh_enable(). There is probably no such call
in any idle task but we need to cover every case. Ksoftirqd
is not concerned because the idle time is flushed on context
switch and softirq in the end of hardirq have the idle time
already flushed from the hardirq entry.
In the other cases we always account to system/irq time:
* On hardirq exit we account the time to hardirq time.
* On softirq exit we account the time to softirq time.
To optimize this and avoid the indirect call to vtime_account()
and the checks it performs, specialize the vtime irq APIs and
only perform the check on irq entry. Irq exit can directly call
vtime_account_system().
CONFIG_IRQ_TIME_ACCOUNTING behaviour doesn't change and directly
maps to its own vtime_account() implementation. One may want
to take benefits from the new APIs to optimize irq time accounting
as well in the future.
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
vtime_account_system() currently has only one caller with
vtime_account() which is irq safe.
Now we are going to call it from other places like kvm where
irqs are not always disabled by the time we account the cputime.
So let's make it irqsafe. The arch implementation part is now
prefixed with "__".
vtime_account_idle() arch implementation is prefixed accordingly
to stay consistent.
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Use DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU() to simplify the rcutorture.c SRCU test code.
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
try_to_freeze_tasks() and cgroup_freezer rely on scheduler locks
to ensure that a task doing STOPPED/TRACED -> RUNNING transition
can't escape freezing. This mostly works, but ptrace_stop() does
not necessarily call schedule(), it can change task->state back to
RUNNING and check freezing() without any lock/barrier in between.
We could add the necessary barrier, but this patch changes
ptrace_stop() and do_signal_stop() to use freezable_schedule().
This fixes the race, freezer_count() and freezer_should_skip()
carefully avoid the race.
And this simplifies the code, try_to_freeze_tasks/update_if_frozen
no longer need to use task_is_stopped_or_traced() checks with the
non trivial assumptions. We can rely on the mechanism which was
specially designed to mark the sleeping task as "frozen enough".
v2: As Tejun pointed out, we can also change get_signal_to_deliver()
and move try_to_freeze() up before 'relock' label.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Merge misc fixes from Andrew Morton:
"18 total. 15 fixes and some updates to a device_cgroup patchset which
bring it up to date with the version which I should have merged in the
first place."
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (18 patches)
fs/compat_ioctl.c: VIDEO_SET_SPU_PALETTE missing error check
gen_init_cpio: avoid stack overflow when expanding
drivers/rtc/rtc-imxdi.c: add missing spin lock initialization
mm, numa: avoid setting zone_reclaim_mode unless a node is sufficiently distant
pidns: limit the nesting depth of pid namespaces
drivers/dma/dw_dmac: make driver's endianness configurable
mm/mmu_notifier: allocate mmu_notifier in advance
tools/testing/selftests/epoll/test_epoll.c: fix build
UAPI: fix tools/vm/page-types.c
mm/page_alloc.c:alloc_contig_range(): return early for err path
rbtree: include linux/compiler.h for definition of __always_inline
genalloc: stop crashing the system when destroying a pool
backlight: ili9320: add missing SPI dependency
device_cgroup: add proper checking when changing default behavior
device_cgroup: stop using simple_strtoul()
device_cgroup: rename deny_all to behavior
cgroup: fix invalid rcu dereference
mm: fix XFS oops due to dirty pages without buffers on s390
If one includes documentation for an external tool, it should be
correct. This is not:
1. Overriding the input to rngd should typically be neither
necessary nor desired. This is especially so since newer
versions of rngd support a number of different *types* of sources.
2. The default kernel-exported device is called /dev/hwrng not
/dev/hwrandom nor /dev/hw_random (both of which were used in the
past; however, kernel and udev seem to have converged on
/dev/hwrng.)
Overall it is better if the documentation for rngd is kept with rngd
rather than in a kernel Makefile.
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Jeff Garzik <jgarzik@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
'struct pid' is a "variable sized struct" - a header with an array of
upids at the end.
The size of the array depends on a level (depth) of pid namespaces. Now a
level of pidns is not limited, so 'struct pid' can be more than one page.
Looks reasonable, that it should be less than a page. MAX_PIS_NS_LEVEL is
not calculated from PAGE_SIZE, because in this case it depends on
architectures, config options and it will be reduced, if someone adds a
new fields in struct pid or struct upid.
I suggest to set MAX_PIS_NS_LEVEL = 32, because it saves ability to expand
"struct pid" and it's more than enough for all known for me use-cases.
When someone finds a reasonable use case, we can add a config option or a
sysctl parameter.
In addition it will reduce the effect of another problem, when we have
many nested namespaces and the oldest one starts dying.
zap_pid_ns_processe will be called for each namespace and find_vpid will
be called for each process in a namespace. find_vpid will be called
minimum max_level^2 / 2 times. The reason of that is that when we found a
bit in pidmap, we can't determine this pidns is top for this process or it
isn't.
vpid is a heavy operation, so a fork bomb, which create many nested
namespace, can make a system inaccessible for a long time. For example my
system becomes inaccessible for a few minutes with 4000 processes.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: return -EINVAL in response to excessive nesting, not -ENOMEM]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Vagin <avagin@openvz.org>
Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
There don't have any 'r' prefix in uprobe event naming, remove it.
Signed-off-by: Jovi Zhang <bookjovi@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Pull cgroup fixes from Tejun Heo:
"This pull request contains three fixes.
Two are reverts of task_lock() removal in cgroup fork path. The
optimizations incorrectly assumed that threadgroup_lock can protect
process forks (as opposed to thread creations) too. Further cleanup
of cgroup fork path is scheduled.
The third fixes cgroup emptiness notification loss."
* 'for-3.7-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/cgroup:
Revert "cgroup: Remove task_lock() from cgroup_post_fork()"
Revert "cgroup: Drop task_lock(parent) on cgroup_fork()"
cgroup: notify_on_release may not be triggered in some cases
Pull workqueue fix from Tejun Heo:
"This pull request contains one patch from Dan Magenheimer to fix
cancel_delayed_work() regression introduced by its reimplementation
using try_to_grab_pending(). The reimplementation made it incorrectly
return %true when the work item is idle.
There aren't too many consumers of the return value but it broke at
least ramster."
* 'for-3.7-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/wq:
workqueue: cancel_delayed_work() should return %false if work item is idle
57b30ae77b ("workqueue: reimplement cancel_delayed_work() using
try_to_grab_pending()") made cancel_delayed_work() always return %true
unless someone else is also trying to cancel the work item, which is
broken - if the target work item is idle, the return value should be
%false.
try_to_grab_pending() indicates that the target work item was idle by
zero return value. Use it for return. Note that this brings
cancel_delayed_work() in line with __cancel_work_timer() in return
value handling.
Signed-off-by: Dan Magenheimer <dan.magenheimer@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
LKML-Reference: <444a6439-b1a4-4740-9e7e-bc37267cfe73@default>
Not a big deal, but since other __get_key_name() callers
use it lets be consistent.
Signed-off-by: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20121020190519.GH25467@moon
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
While per-entity load-tracking is generally useful, beyond computing shares
distribution, e.g. runnable based load-balance (in progress), governors,
power-management, etc.
These facilities are not yet consumers of this data. This may be trivially
reverted when the information is required; but avoid paying the overhead for
calculations we will not use until then.
Signed-off-by: Paul Turner <pjt@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Ben Segall <bsegall@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120823141507.422162369@google.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
__update_entity_runnable_avg forms the core of maintaining an entity's runnable
load average. In this function we charge the accumulated run-time since last
update and handle appropriate decay. In some cases, e.g. a waking task, this
time interval may be much larger than our period unit.
Fortunately we can exploit some properties of our series to perform decay for a
blocked update in constant time and account the contribution for a running
update in essentially-constant* time.
[*]: For any running entity they should be performing updates at the tick which
gives us a soft limit of 1 jiffy between updates, and we can compute up to a
32 jiffy update in a single pass.
C program to generate the magic constants in the arrays:
#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#define N 32
#define WMULT_SHIFT 32
const long WMULT_CONST = ((1UL << N) - 1);
double y;
long runnable_avg_yN_inv[N];
void calc_mult_inv() {
int i;
double yn = 0;
printf("inverses\n");
for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
yn = (double)WMULT_CONST * pow(y, i);
runnable_avg_yN_inv[i] = yn;
printf("%2d: 0x%8lx\n", i, runnable_avg_yN_inv[i]);
}
printf("\n");
}
long mult_inv(long c, int n) {
return (c * runnable_avg_yN_inv[n]) >> WMULT_SHIFT;
}
void calc_yn_sum(int n)
{
int i;
double sum = 0, sum_fl = 0, diff = 0;
/*
* We take the floored sum to ensure the sum of partial sums is never
* larger than the actual sum.
*/
printf("sum y^n\n");
printf(" %8s %8s %8s\n", "exact", "floor", "error");
for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
sum = (y * sum + y * 1024);
sum_fl = floor(y * sum_fl+ y * 1024);
printf("%2d: %8.0f %8.0f %8.0f\n", i, sum, sum_fl,
sum_fl - sum);
}
printf("\n");
}
void calc_conv(long n) {
long old_n;
int i = -1;
printf("convergence (LOAD_AVG_MAX, LOAD_AVG_MAX_N)\n");
do {
old_n = n;
n = mult_inv(n, 1) + 1024;
i++;
} while (n != old_n);
printf("%d> %ld\n", i - 1, n);
printf("\n");
}
void main() {
y = pow(0.5, 1/(double)N);
calc_mult_inv();
calc_conv(1024);
calc_yn_sum(N);
}
[ Compile with -lm ]
Signed-off-by: Paul Turner <pjt@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Ben Segall <bsegall@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120823141507.277808946@google.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
