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docs: verify/bisect: fixes, finetuning, and support for Arch
Assorted changes for the recently added document. Improvements: * Add instructions for installing required software on Arch Linux. Fixes: * Move a 'git remote add -t master stable [...]' from a totally wrong to the right place. * Fix two anchors. * Add two required packages to the openSUSE install instructions. Fine tuning: * Improve the reference section about downloading Linux mainline sources to make it more obvious that those are alternatives. * Include the full instructions for git bundles to ensure the remote gets the right name; that way the text also works stand alone. * Install ncurses and qt headers for use of menuconfig and xconfig by default, but tell users that they are free to omit them. * Mention ahead of time which version number are meant as example in commands used during the step-by-step guide. * Mention that 'kernel-install remove' might do a incomplete job. Signed-off-by: Thorsten Leemhuis <linux@leemhuis.info> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Message-ID: <6592c9ef4244faa484b4113f088dbc1beca61015.1709716794.git.linux@leemhuis.info>
This commit is contained in:
Thorsten Leemhuis
Jonathan Corbet
parent
a304fa1d10
commit
0c8e9b538e
@ -192,8 +192,8 @@ will be considered the 'good' release and used to prepare the .config file.
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sudo rm -rf /lib/modules/6.0-rc1-local-gcafec0cacaca0
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sudo kernel-install -v remove 6.0-rc1-local-gcafec0cacaca0
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# * Note, if kernel-install is missing, you will have to
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# manually remove the kernel image and related files.
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# * Note, on some distributions kernel-install is missing
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# or does only part of the job.
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b) If you performed a bisection and successfully validated the result, feel
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free to remove all kernels built during the actual bisection (Segment 3 c);
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@ -348,11 +348,14 @@ Preparations: set up everything to build your own kernels
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one downloads less than 500 MByte, the other works better with unreliable
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internet connections.*
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Execute the following command to retrieve a fresh mainline codebase::
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Execute the following command to retrieve a fresh mainline codebase while
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preparing things to add stable/longterm branches later::
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git clone -o mainline --no-checkout \
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https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git ~/linux/
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cd ~/linux/
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git remote add -t master stable \
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https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git
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[:ref:`details<sources_bisref>`]
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@ -365,7 +368,7 @@ Preparations: set up everything to build your own kernels
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identifier using ``uname -r``.
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Afterwards check out the source code for the version earlier established as
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'good' and create a .config file::
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'good' (in this example this is assumed to be 6.0) and create a .config file::
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git checkout --detach v6.0
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make olddefconfig
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@ -462,8 +465,10 @@ Preparations: set up everything to build your own kernels
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[:ref:`details<configmods_distros_bisref>`].
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* If you want to influence other aspects of the configuration, do so now
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by using make targets like 'menuconfig' or 'xconfig'.
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* If you want to influence other aspects of the configuration, do so now using
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your preferred tool. Note, to use make targets like 'menuconfig' or
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'nconfig', you will need to install the development files of ncurses; for
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'xconfig' you likewise need the Qt5 or Qt6 headers.
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[:ref:`details<configmods_individual_bisref>`].
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@ -601,8 +606,8 @@ be a waste of time. [:ref:`details<introlatestcheck_bisref>`]
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* Are you facing a problem within a stable/longterm release, but failed to
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reproduce it with the mainline kernel you just built? Then check if the latest
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codebase for the particular series might already fix the problem. To do so,
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add the stable series Git branch for your 'good' kernel and check out the
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latest version::
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add the stable series Git branch for your 'good' kernel (again, this here is
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assumed to be 6.0) and check out the latest version::
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cd ~/linux/
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git remote set-branches --add stable linux-6.0.y
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@ -652,7 +657,7 @@ otherwise would be a waste of time. [:ref:`details<introworkingcheck_bisref>`]
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regressed works as expected with it.
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Start by checking out the sources for the version earlier established as
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'good'::
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'good' (once again assumed to be 6.0 here)::
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cd ~/linux/
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git checkout --detach v6.0
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@ -697,15 +702,13 @@ each kernel on commodity x86 machines.
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stable branch, unless you already did so earlier::
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cd ~/linux/
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git remote add -t master stable \
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https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/stable.git
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git remote set-branches --add stable linux-6.1.y
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git fetch stable
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.. _bisectstart_bissbs:
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* Start the bisection and tell Git about the versions earlier established as
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'good' and 'bad'::
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'good' (6.0 in the following example command) and 'bad' (6.1.5)::
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cd ~/linux/
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git bisect start
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@ -884,8 +887,9 @@ space might run out.
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On quite a few distributions this will delete all other kernel files installed
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while also removing the kernel's entry from the boot menu. But on some
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distributions this command does not exist or will fail; in that case consult
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the reference section, as your Linux distribution needs special care.
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distributions kernel-install does not exist or leaves boot-loader entries or
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kernel image and related files behind; in that case remove them as described
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in the reference section.
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[:ref:`details<makeroom_bisref>`]
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@ -1015,8 +1019,6 @@ the right thing.
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[:ref:`back to step-by-step guide <bootworking_bissbs>`]
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.. _buildrequires_bisref:
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.. _diskspace_bisref:
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Space requirements
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@ -1060,7 +1062,7 @@ to do this as well, if you tried bisecting between 6.0.11 and 6.1.13.
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[:ref:`back to step-by-step guide <rangecheck_bissbs>`]
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.. _sources_bisref:
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.. _buildrequires_bisref:
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Install build requirements
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--------------------------
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@ -1076,72 +1078,103 @@ about to build.
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Here are a few examples what you typically need on some mainstream
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distributions:
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* Arch Linux and derivatives::
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sudo pacman --needed -S bc binutils bison flex gcc git kmod libelf openssl \
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pahole perl zlib ncurses qt6-base
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* Debian, Ubuntu, and derivatives::
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sudo apt install bc binutils bison dwarves flex gcc git make openssl \
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pahole perl-base libssl-dev libelf-dev
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sudo apt install bc binutils bison dwarves flex gcc git kmod libelf-dev \
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libssl-dev make openssl pahole perl-base pkg-config zlib1g-dev \
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libncurses-dev qt6-base-dev g++
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* Fedora and derivatives::
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sudo dnf install binutils /usr/include/{libelf.h,openssl/pkcs7.h} \
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/usr/bin/{bc,bison,flex,gcc,git,openssl,make,perl,pahole}
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sudo dnf install binutils \
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/usr/bin/{bc,bison,flex,gcc,git,openssl,make,perl,pahole,rpmbuild} \
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/usr/include/{libelf.h,openssl/pkcs7.h,zlib.h,ncurses.h,qt6/QtGui/QAction}
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* openSUSE and derivatives::
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sudo zypper install bc binutils bison dwarves flex gcc git make perl-base \
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openssl openssl-devel libelf-dev
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sudo zypper install bc binutils bison dwarves flex gcc git \
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kernel-install-tools libelf-devel make modutils openssl openssl-devel \
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perl-base zlib-devel rpm-build ncurses-devel qt6-base-devel
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In case you wonder why these lists include openssl and its development headers:
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they are needed for the Secure Boot support, which many distributions enable in
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their kernel configuration for x86 machines.
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Sometimes you will need tools for compression formats like bzip2, gzip, lz4,
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lzma, lzo, xz, or zstd as well.
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In case you want to adjust the build configuration with make targets like
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'menuconfig' or 'xconfig' later, ensure to also install development headers for
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ncurses and Qt5.
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These commands install a few packages that are often, but not always needed. You
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for example might want to skip installing the development headers for ncurses,
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which you will only need in case you later might want to adjust the kernel build
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configuration using make the targets 'menuconfig' or 'nconfig'; likewise omit
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the headers of Qt6 is you do not plan to adjust the .config using 'xconfig'.
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You furthermore might need additional libraries and their development headers
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for tasks not covered in this guide. For example, zlib will be needed when
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building kernel tools from the tools/ directory;.
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for tasks not covered in this guide -- for example when building utilities from
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the kernel's tools/ directory.
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[:ref:`back to step-by-step guide <buildrequires_bissbs>`]
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Download the sources using git
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.. _sources_bisref:
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Download the sources using Git
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------------------------------
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*Retrieve the Linux mainline sources.*
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[:ref:`...<sources_bissbs>`]
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The step-by-step guide outlines how to retrieve the Linux sources using a full
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Git clone of Linus' mainline repository. If you have an unreliable internet
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connection, you instead might want to use a 'Git bundle' to retrieve the
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sources; if downloading the complete repository would take too long or requires
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too much storage space, use a shallow clone instead.
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The step-by-step guide outlines how to download the Linux sources using a full
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Git clone of Linus' mainline repository. There is nothing more to say about
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that -- but there are two alternatives ways to retrieve the sources that might
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work better for you:
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Downloading Linux mainline using a bundle
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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* If you have an unreliable internet connection, consider
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:ref:`using a 'Git bundle'<sources_bundle_bisref>`.
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Switch to you home directory and follow the instructions `kernel.org provides
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for this case <https://www.kernel.org/cloning-linux-from-a-bundle.html>`_.
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* If downloading the complete repository would take too long or requires too
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much storage space, consider :ref:`using a 'shallow
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clone'<sources_shallow_bisref>`.
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Afterwards add the stable Git repository as remote and all required
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stable/branches as explained in the step-by-step guide.
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.. _sources_bundle_bisref:
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Downloading Linux mainline using a shallow clone
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Downloading Linux mainline sources using a bundle
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Use the following commands to retrieve the Linux mainline sources using a
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bundle::
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wget -c \
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https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/clone.bundle
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git clone --no-checkout clone.bundle ~/linux/
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cd ~/linux/
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git remote remove origin
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git remote add mainline \
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https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git
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git fetch mainline
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git remote add -t master stable \
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https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git
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In case the 'wget' command fails, just re-execute it, it will pick up where
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it left off.
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[:ref:`back to step-by-step guide <sources_bissbs>`]
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[:ref:`back to section intro <sources_bisref>`]
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.. _sources_shallow_bisref:
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Downloading Linux mainline sources using a shallow clone
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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First, execute the following command to retrieve the latest mainline codebase::
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git clone -o mainline --no-checkout --depth 1 -b master \
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https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git ~/linux/
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cd ~/linux/
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git remote add -t master stable \
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https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git
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Now deepen your clone's history to the second predecessor of the mainline
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release of your 'good' version. In case the latter are 6.0 or 6.0.11, 5.19 would
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be the first predecessor and 5.18 the second -- hence deepen the history up to
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the latter::
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that version::
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git fetch --shallow-exclude=v5.18 mainline
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@ -1150,7 +1183,7 @@ branches as explained in the step-by-step guide.
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Note, shallow clones have a few peculiar characteristics:
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* For bisections the history needs to be deepend a few mainline versions
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* For bisections the history needs to be deepened a few mainline versions
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farther than it seems necessary, as explained above already. That's because
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Git otherwise will be unable to revert or describe most of the commits within
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a range (say v6.1..v6.2), as they are internally based on earlier kernels
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