Commit Graph

21 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Linus Torvalds
5c00ff742b - The series "zram: optimal post-processing target selection" from
Sergey Senozhatsky improves zram's post-processing selection algorithm.
   This leads to improved memory savings.
 
 - Wei Yang has gone to town on the mapletree code, contributing several
   series which clean up the implementation:
 
 	- "refine mas_mab_cp()"
 	- "Reduce the space to be cleared for maple_big_node"
 	- "maple_tree: simplify mas_push_node()"
 	- "Following cleanup after introduce mas_wr_store_type()"
 	- "refine storing null"
 
 - The series "selftests/mm: hugetlb_fault_after_madv improvements" from
   David Hildenbrand fixes this selftest for s390.
 
 - The series "introduce pte_offset_map_{ro|rw}_nolock()" from Qi Zheng
   implements some rationaizations and cleanups in the page mapping code.
 
 - The series "mm: optimize shadow entries removal" from Shakeel Butt
   optimizes the file truncation code by speeding up the handling of shadow
   entries.
 
 - The series "Remove PageKsm()" from Matthew Wilcox completes the
   migration of this flag over to being a folio-based flag.
 
 - The series "Unify hugetlb into arch_get_unmapped_area functions" from
   Oscar Salvador implements a bunch of consolidations and cleanups in the
   hugetlb code.
 
 - The series "Do not shatter hugezeropage on wp-fault" from Dev Jain
   takes away the wp-fault time practice of turning a huge zero page into
   small pages.  Instead we replace the whole thing with a THP.  More
   consistent cleaner and potentiall saves a large number of pagefaults.
 
 - The series "percpu: Add a test case and fix for clang" from Andy
   Shevchenko enhances and fixes the kernel's built in percpu test code.
 
 - The series "mm/mremap: Remove extra vma tree walk" from Liam Howlett
   optimizes mremap() by avoiding doing things which we didn't need to do.
 
 - The series "Improve the tmpfs large folio read performance" from
   Baolin Wang teaches tmpfs to copy data into userspace at the folio size
   rather than as individual pages.  A 20% speedup was observed.
 
 - The series "mm/damon/vaddr: Fix issue in
   damon_va_evenly_split_region()" fro Zheng Yejian fixes DAMON splitting.
 
 - The series "memcg-v1: fully deprecate charge moving" from Shakeel Butt
   removes the long-deprecated memcgv2 charge moving feature.
 
 - The series "fix error handling in mmap_region() and refactor" from
   Lorenzo Stoakes cleanup up some of the mmap() error handling and
   addresses some potential performance issues.
 
 - The series "x86/module: use large ROX pages for text allocations" from
   Mike Rapoport teaches x86 to use large pages for read-only-execute
   module text.
 
 - The series "page allocation tag compression" from Suren Baghdasaryan
   is followon maintenance work for the new page allocation profiling
   feature.
 
 - The series "page->index removals in mm" from Matthew Wilcox remove
   most references to page->index in mm/.  A slow march towards shrinking
   struct page.
 
 - The series "damon/{self,kunit}tests: minor fixups for DAMON debugfs
   interface tests" from Andrew Paniakin performs maintenance work for
   DAMON's self testing code.
 
 - The series "mm: zswap swap-out of large folios" from Kanchana Sridhar
   improves zswap's batching of compression and decompression.  It is a
   step along the way towards using Intel IAA hardware acceleration for
   this zswap operation.
 
 - The series "kasan: migrate the last module test to kunit" from
   Sabyrzhan Tasbolatov completes the migration of the KASAN built-in tests
   over to the KUnit framework.
 
 - The series "implement lightweight guard pages" from Lorenzo Stoakes
   permits userapace to place fault-generating guard pages within a single
   VMA, rather than requiring that multiple VMAs be created for this.
   Improved efficiencies for userspace memory allocators are expected.
 
 - The series "memcg: tracepoint for flushing stats" from JP Kobryn uses
   tracepoints to provide increased visibility into memcg stats flushing
   activity.
 
 - The series "zram: IDLE flag handling fixes" from Sergey Senozhatsky
   fixes a zram buglet which potentially affected performance.
 
 - The series "mm: add more kernel parameters to control mTHP" from
   Maíra Canal enhances our ability to control/configuremultisize THP from
   the kernel boot command line.
 
 - The series "kasan: few improvements on kunit tests" from Sabyrzhan
   Tasbolatov has a couple of fixups for the KASAN KUnit tests.
 
 - The series "mm/list_lru: Split list_lru lock into per-cgroup scope"
   from Kairui Song optimizes list_lru memory utilization when lockdep is
   enabled.
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Merge tag 'mm-stable-2024-11-18-19-27' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm

Pull MM updates from Andrew Morton:

 - The series "zram: optimal post-processing target selection" from
   Sergey Senozhatsky improves zram's post-processing selection
   algorithm. This leads to improved memory savings.

 - Wei Yang has gone to town on the mapletree code, contributing several
   series which clean up the implementation:
	- "refine mas_mab_cp()"
	- "Reduce the space to be cleared for maple_big_node"
	- "maple_tree: simplify mas_push_node()"
	- "Following cleanup after introduce mas_wr_store_type()"
	- "refine storing null"

 - The series "selftests/mm: hugetlb_fault_after_madv improvements" from
   David Hildenbrand fixes this selftest for s390.

 - The series "introduce pte_offset_map_{ro|rw}_nolock()" from Qi Zheng
   implements some rationaizations and cleanups in the page mapping
   code.

 - The series "mm: optimize shadow entries removal" from Shakeel Butt
   optimizes the file truncation code by speeding up the handling of
   shadow entries.

 - The series "Remove PageKsm()" from Matthew Wilcox completes the
   migration of this flag over to being a folio-based flag.

 - The series "Unify hugetlb into arch_get_unmapped_area functions" from
   Oscar Salvador implements a bunch of consolidations and cleanups in
   the hugetlb code.

 - The series "Do not shatter hugezeropage on wp-fault" from Dev Jain
   takes away the wp-fault time practice of turning a huge zero page
   into small pages. Instead we replace the whole thing with a THP. More
   consistent cleaner and potentiall saves a large number of pagefaults.

 - The series "percpu: Add a test case and fix for clang" from Andy
   Shevchenko enhances and fixes the kernel's built in percpu test code.

 - The series "mm/mremap: Remove extra vma tree walk" from Liam Howlett
   optimizes mremap() by avoiding doing things which we didn't need to
   do.

 - The series "Improve the tmpfs large folio read performance" from
   Baolin Wang teaches tmpfs to copy data into userspace at the folio
   size rather than as individual pages. A 20% speedup was observed.

 - The series "mm/damon/vaddr: Fix issue in
   damon_va_evenly_split_region()" fro Zheng Yejian fixes DAMON
   splitting.

 - The series "memcg-v1: fully deprecate charge moving" from Shakeel
   Butt removes the long-deprecated memcgv2 charge moving feature.

 - The series "fix error handling in mmap_region() and refactor" from
   Lorenzo Stoakes cleanup up some of the mmap() error handling and
   addresses some potential performance issues.

 - The series "x86/module: use large ROX pages for text allocations"
   from Mike Rapoport teaches x86 to use large pages for
   read-only-execute module text.

 - The series "page allocation tag compression" from Suren Baghdasaryan
   is followon maintenance work for the new page allocation profiling
   feature.

 - The series "page->index removals in mm" from Matthew Wilcox remove
   most references to page->index in mm/. A slow march towards shrinking
   struct page.

 - The series "damon/{self,kunit}tests: minor fixups for DAMON debugfs
   interface tests" from Andrew Paniakin performs maintenance work for
   DAMON's self testing code.

 - The series "mm: zswap swap-out of large folios" from Kanchana Sridhar
   improves zswap's batching of compression and decompression. It is a
   step along the way towards using Intel IAA hardware acceleration for
   this zswap operation.

 - The series "kasan: migrate the last module test to kunit" from
   Sabyrzhan Tasbolatov completes the migration of the KASAN built-in
   tests over to the KUnit framework.

 - The series "implement lightweight guard pages" from Lorenzo Stoakes
   permits userapace to place fault-generating guard pages within a
   single VMA, rather than requiring that multiple VMAs be created for
   this. Improved efficiencies for userspace memory allocators are
   expected.

 - The series "memcg: tracepoint for flushing stats" from JP Kobryn uses
   tracepoints to provide increased visibility into memcg stats flushing
   activity.

 - The series "zram: IDLE flag handling fixes" from Sergey Senozhatsky
   fixes a zram buglet which potentially affected performance.

 - The series "mm: add more kernel parameters to control mTHP" from
   Maíra Canal enhances our ability to control/configuremultisize THP
   from the kernel boot command line.

 - The series "kasan: few improvements on kunit tests" from Sabyrzhan
   Tasbolatov has a couple of fixups for the KASAN KUnit tests.

 - The series "mm/list_lru: Split list_lru lock into per-cgroup scope"
   from Kairui Song optimizes list_lru memory utilization when lockdep
   is enabled.

* tag 'mm-stable-2024-11-18-19-27' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (215 commits)
  cma: enforce non-zero pageblock_order during cma_init_reserved_mem()
  mm/kfence: add a new kunit test test_use_after_free_read_nofault()
  zram: fix NULL pointer in comp_algorithm_show()
  memcg/hugetlb: add hugeTLB counters to memcg
  vmstat: call fold_vm_zone_numa_events() before show per zone NUMA event
  mm: mmap_lock: check trace_mmap_lock_$type_enabled() instead of regcount
  zram: ZRAM_DEF_COMP should depend on ZRAM
  MAINTAINERS/MEMORY MANAGEMENT: add document files for mm
  Docs/mm/damon: recommend academic papers to read and/or cite
  mm: define general function pXd_init()
  kmemleak: iommu/iova: fix transient kmemleak false positive
  mm/list_lru: simplify the list_lru walk callback function
  mm/list_lru: split the lock to per-cgroup scope
  mm/list_lru: simplify reparenting and initial allocation
  mm/list_lru: code clean up for reparenting
  mm/list_lru: don't export list_lru_add
  mm/list_lru: don't pass unnecessary key parameters
  kasan: add kunit tests for kmalloc_track_caller, kmalloc_node_track_caller
  kasan: change kasan_atomics kunit test as KUNIT_CASE_SLOW
  kasan: use EXPORT_SYMBOL_IF_KUNIT to export symbols
  ...
2024-11-23 09:58:07 -08:00
Motiejus JakÅ`tys
a39326767c tools/mm: fix compile error
Add a missing semicolon.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20241112171655.1662670-1-motiejus@jakstys.lt
Fixes: ece5897e5a ("tools/mm: -Werror fixes in page-types/slabinfo")
Signed-off-by: Motiejus JakÅ`tys <motiejus@jakstys.lt>
Closes: https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/355369
Reviewed-by: SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Vishal Moola (Oracle) <vishal.moola@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Oleksandr Natalenko <oleksandr@natalenko.name>
Cc: Wladislav Wiebe <wladislav.kw@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2024-11-14 22:43:48 -08:00
Marc Dionne
e3d37a6f62 tools/mm: fix slabinfo crash when MAX_SLABS is exceeded
The number of slabs can easily exceed the hard coded MAX_SLABS in the
slabinfo tool, causing it to overwrite memory and crash.

Increase the value of MAX_SLABS, and check if that has been exceeded for
each new slab, instead of at the end when it's already too late.  Also
move the check for MAX_ALIASES into the loop body.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20241031105534.565533-1-marc.c.dionne@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Marc Dionne <marc.dionne@auristor.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2024-11-11 13:09:43 -08:00
Liu Jing
3f1f947a32 tools/mm: free the allocated memory
The comm_str memory needs to be freed if the search_pattern function call
fails in get_comm

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix whitespace]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20241022012526.7597-1-liujing@cmss.chinamobile.com
Signed-off-by: Liu Jing <liujing@cmss.chinamobile.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2024-11-06 20:11:17 -08:00
Wladislav Wiebe
ece5897e5a tools/mm: -Werror fixes in page-types/slabinfo
Commit e6d2c436ff ("tools/mm: allow users to provide additional
cflags/ldflags") passes now CFLAGS to Makefile.  With this, build systems
with default -Werror enabled found:

slabinfo.c:1300:25: error: ignoring return value of 'chdir'
declared with attribute 'warn_unused_result' [-Werror=unused-result]
                         chdir("..");
                         ^~~~~~~~~~~
page-types.c:397:35: error: format '%lu' expects argument of type
'long unsigned int', but argument 2 has type 'uint64_t'
{aka 'long long unsigned int'} [-Werror=format=]
                         printf("%lu\t", mapcnt0);
                                 ~~^     ~~~~~~~
..

Fix page-types by using PRIu64 for uint64_t prints and check in slabinfo
for return code on chdir("..").

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/c1ceb507-94bc-461c-934d-c19b77edd825@gmail.com
Fixes: e6d2c436ff ("tools/mm: allow users to provide additional cflags/ldflags")
Signed-off-by: Wladislav Wiebe <wladislav.kw@gmail.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Herton R. Krzesinski <herton@redhat.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2024-10-30 20:14:11 -07:00
Linus Torvalds
7856a56541 Many singleton patches - please see the various changelogs for details.
Quite a lot of nilfs2 work this time around.
 
 Notable patch series in this pull request are:
 
 "mul_u64_u64_div_u64: new implementation" by Nicolas Pitre, with
 assistance from Uwe Kleine-König.  Reimplement mul_u64_u64_div_u64() to
 provide (much) more accurate results.  The current implementation was
 causing Uwe some issues in the PWM drivers.
 
 "xz: Updates to license, filters, and compression options" from Lasse
 Collin.  Miscellaneous maintenance and kinor feature work to the xz
 decompressor.
 
 "Fix some GDB command error and add some GDB commands" from Kuan-Ying Lee.
 Fixes and enhancements to the gdb scripts.
 
 "treewide: add missing MODULE_DESCRIPTION() macros" from Jeff Johnson.
 Adds lots of MODULE_DESCRIPTIONs, thus fixing lots of warnings about this.
 
 "nilfs2: add support for some common ioctls" from Ryusuke Konishi.  Adds
 various commonly-available ioctls to nilfs2.
 
 "This series fixes a number of formatting issues in kernel doc comments"
 from Ryusuke Konishi does that.
 
 "nilfs2: prevent unexpected ENOENT propagation" from Ryusuke Konishi.  Fix
 issues where -ENOENT was being unintentionally and inappropriately
 returned to userspace.
 
 "nilfs2: assorted cleanups" from Huang Xiaojia.
 
 "nilfs2: fix potential issues with empty b-tree nodes" from Ryusuke
 Konishi fixes some issues which can occur on corrupted nilfs2 filesystems.
 
 "scripts/decode_stacktrace.sh: improve error reporting and usability" from
 Luca Ceresoli does those things.
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Merge tag 'mm-nonmm-stable-2024-09-21-07-52' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm

Pull non-MM updates from Andrew Morton:
 "Many singleton patches - please see the various changelogs for
  details.

  Quite a lot of nilfs2 work this time around.

  Notable patch series in this pull request are:

   - "mul_u64_u64_div_u64: new implementation" by Nicolas Pitre, with
     assistance from Uwe Kleine-König. Reimplement mul_u64_u64_div_u64()
     to provide (much) more accurate results. The current implementation
     was causing Uwe some issues in the PWM drivers.

   - "xz: Updates to license, filters, and compression options" from
     Lasse Collin. Miscellaneous maintenance and kinor feature work to
     the xz decompressor.

   - "Fix some GDB command error and add some GDB commands" from
     Kuan-Ying Lee. Fixes and enhancements to the gdb scripts.

   - "treewide: add missing MODULE_DESCRIPTION() macros" from Jeff
     Johnson. Adds lots of MODULE_DESCRIPTIONs, thus fixing lots of
     warnings about this.

   - "nilfs2: add support for some common ioctls" from Ryusuke Konishi.
     Adds various commonly-available ioctls to nilfs2.

   - "This series fixes a number of formatting issues in kernel doc
     comments" from Ryusuke Konishi does that.

   - "nilfs2: prevent unexpected ENOENT propagation" from Ryusuke
     Konishi. Fix issues where -ENOENT was being unintentionally and
     inappropriately returned to userspace.

   - "nilfs2: assorted cleanups" from Huang Xiaojia.

   - "nilfs2: fix potential issues with empty b-tree nodes" from Ryusuke
     Konishi fixes some issues which can occur on corrupted nilfs2
     filesystems.

   - "scripts/decode_stacktrace.sh: improve error reporting and
     usability" from Luca Ceresoli does those things"

* tag 'mm-nonmm-stable-2024-09-21-07-52' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (103 commits)
  list: test: increase coverage of list_test_list_replace*()
  list: test: fix tests for list_cut_position()
  proc: use __auto_type more
  treewide: correct the typo 'retun'
  ocfs2: cleanup return value and mlog in ocfs2_global_read_info()
  nilfs2: remove duplicate 'unlikely()' usage
  nilfs2: fix potential oob read in nilfs_btree_check_delete()
  nilfs2: determine empty node blocks as corrupted
  nilfs2: fix potential null-ptr-deref in nilfs_btree_insert()
  user_namespace: use kmemdup_array() instead of kmemdup() for multiple allocation
  tools/mm: rm thp_swap_allocator_test when make clean
  squashfs: fix percpu address space issues in decompressor_multi_percpu.c
  lib: glob.c: added null check for character class
  nilfs2: refactor nilfs_segctor_thread()
  nilfs2: use kthread_create and kthread_stop for the log writer thread
  nilfs2: remove sc_timer_task
  nilfs2: do not repair reserved inode bitmap in nilfs_new_inode()
  nilfs2: eliminate the shared counter and spinlock for i_generation
  nilfs2: separate inode type information from i_state field
  nilfs2: use the BITS_PER_LONG macro
  ...
2024-09-21 08:20:50 -07:00
zhangjiao
0aa75a2b3f tools/mm: rm thp_swap_allocator_test when make clean
rm thp_swap_allocator_test when make clean

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240829042008.6937-1-zhangjiao2@cmss.chinamobile.com
Signed-off-by: zhangjiao <zhangjiao2@cmss.chinamobile.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2024-09-09 16:47:41 -07:00
Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
7a87225ae2 x86: remove PG_uncached
Convert x86 to use PG_arch_2 instead of PG_uncached and remove
PG_uncached.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240821193445.2294269-11-willy@infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2024-09-03 21:15:46 -07:00
Matthew Wilcox (Oracle)
02e1960aaf mm: rename PG_mappedtodisk to PG_owner_2
This flag has similar constraints to PG_owner_priv_1 -- it is ignored by
core code, and is entirely for the use of the code which allocated the
folio.  Since the pagecache does not use it, individual filesystems can
use it.  The bufferhead code does use it, so filesystems which use the
buffer cache must not use it for another purpose.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240821193445.2294269-10-willy@infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2024-09-03 21:15:45 -07:00
Barry Song
95139d9408 tools/mm: introduce a tool to assess swap entry allocation for thp_swapout
Both Ryan and Chris have been utilizing the small test program to aid in
debugging and identifying issues with swap entry allocation.  While a real
or intricate workload might be more suitable for assessing the correctness
and effectiveness of the swap allocation policy, a small test program
presents a simpler means of understanding the problem and initially
verifying the improvements being made.

Let's endeavor to integrate it into tools/mm.  Although it presently only
accommodates 64KB and 4KB, I'm optimistic that we can expand its
capabilities to support multiple sizes and simulate more complex systems
in the future as required.

Basically, we have

1. Use MADV_PAGEPUT for rapid swap-out, putting the swap allocation
   code under high exercise in a short time.

2. Use MADV_DONTNEED to simulate the behavior of libc and Java heap in
   freeing memory, as well as for munmap, app exits, or OOM killer
   scenarios.  This ensures new mTHP is always generated, released or
   swapped out, similar to the behavior on a PC or Android phone where
   many applications are frequently started and terminated.

3. Swap in with or without the "-a" option to observe how fragments
   due to swap-in and the incoming swap-in of large folios will impact
   swap-out fallback.

Due to 2, we ensure a certain proportion of mTHP.  Similarly, because of
3, we maintain a certain proportion of small folios, as we don't support
large folios swap-in, meaning any swap-in will immediately result in small
folios.  Therefore, with both 2 and 3, we automatically achieve a system
containing both mTHP and small folios.  Additionally, 1 provides the
ability to continuously swap them out.

We can also use "-s" to add a dedicated small folios memory area.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: thp_swap_allocator_test.c needs mman.h, per Kairui Song]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240622071231.576056-2-21cnbao@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Barry Song <v-songbaohua@oppo.com>
Acked-by: Chris Li <chrisl@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Chris Li <chrisl@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com>
Tested-by: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Kairui Song <kasong@tencent.com>
Cc: Kalesh Singh <kaleshsingh@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2024-07-10 12:14:51 -07:00
Ryan Roberts
2444172cfd tools/mm: add thpmaps script to dump THP usage info
With the proliferation of large folios for file-backed memory, and more
recently the introduction of multi-size THP for anonymous memory, it is
becoming useful to be able to see exactly how large folios are mapped into
processes.  For some architectures (e.g.  arm64), if most memory is mapped
using contpte-sized and -aligned blocks, TLB usage can be optimized so
it's useful to see where these requirements are and are not being met.

thpmaps is a Python utility that reads /proc/<pid>/smaps,
/proc/<pid>/pagemap and /proc/kpageflags to print information about how
transparent huge pages (both file and anon) are mapped to a specified
process or cgroup.  It aims to help users debug and optimize their
workloads.  In future we may wish to introduce stats directly into the
kernel (e.g.  smaps or similar), but for now this provides a short term
solution without the need to introduce any new ABI.

Run with help option for a full listing of the arguments:

    # ./thpmaps --help

--8<--
usage: thpmaps [-h] [--pid pid | --cgroup path] [--rollup]
               [--cont size[KMG]] [--inc-smaps] [--inc-empty]
               [--periodic sleep_ms]

Prints information about how transparent huge pages are mapped, either
system-wide, or for a specified process or cgroup.

When run with --pid, the user explicitly specifies the set of pids to
scan.  e.g.  "--pid 10 [--pid 134 ...]".  When run with --cgroup, the user
passes either a v1 or v2 cgroup and all pids that belong to the cgroup
subtree are scanned.  When run with neither --pid nor --cgroup, the full
set of pids on the system is gathered from /proc and scanned as if the
user had provided "--pid 1 --pid 2 ...".

A default set of statistics is always generated for THP mappings. 
However, it is also possible to generate additional statistics for
"contiguous block mappings" where the block size is user-defined.

Statistics are maintained independently for anonymous and file-backed
(pagecache) memory and are shown both in kB and as a percentage of either
total anonymous or total file-backed memory as appropriate.

THP Statistics
--------------

Statistics are always generated for fully- and contiguously-mapped THPs
whose mapping address is aligned to their size, for each <size> supported
by the system.  Separate counters describe THPs mapped by PTE vs those
mapped by PMD.  (Although note a THP can only be mapped by PMD if it is
PMD-sized):

- anon-thp-pte-aligned-<size>kB
- file-thp-pte-aligned-<size>kB
- anon-thp-pmd-aligned-<size>kB
- file-thp-pmd-aligned-<size>kB

Similarly, statistics are always generated for fully- and contiguously-
mapped THPs whose mapping address is *not* aligned to their size, for each
<size> supported by the system.  Due to the unaligned mapping, it is
impossible to map by PMD, so there are only PTE counters for this case:

- anon-thp-pte-unaligned-<size>kB
- file-thp-pte-unaligned-<size>kB

Statistics are also always generated for mapped pages that belong to a THP
but where the is THP is *not* fully- and contiguously- mapped.  These
"partial" mappings are all counted in the same counter regardless of the
size of the THP that is partially mapped:

- anon-thp-pte-partial
- file-thp-pte-partial

Contiguous Block Statistics
---------------------------

An optional, additional set of statistics is generated for every
contiguous block size specified with `--cont <size>`.  These statistics
show how much memory is mapped in contiguous blocks of <size> and also
aligned to <size>.  A given contiguous block must all belong to the same
THP, but there is no requirement for it to be the *whole* THP.  Separate
counters describe contiguous blocks mapped by PTE vs those mapped by PMD:

- anon-cont-pte-aligned-<size>kB
- file-cont-pte-aligned-<size>kB
- anon-cont-pmd-aligned-<size>kB
- file-cont-pmd-aligned-<size>kB

As an example, if monitoring 64K contiguous blocks (--cont 64K), there are
a number of sources that could provide such blocks: a fully- and
contiguously-mapped 64K THP that is aligned to a 64K boundary would
provide 1 block.  A fully- and contiguously-mapped 128K THP that is
aligned to at least a 64K boundary would provide 2 blocks.  Or a 128K THP
that maps its first 100K, but contiguously and starting at a 64K boundary
would provide 1 block.  A fully- and contiguously-mapped 2M THP would
provide 32 blocks.  There are many other possible permutations.

options:
  -h, --help           show this help message and exit
  --pid pid            Process id of the target process. Maybe issued
                       multiple times to scan multiple processes. --pid
                       and --cgroup are mutually exclusive. If neither
                       are provided, all processes are scanned to
                       provide system-wide information.
  --cgroup path        Path to the target cgroup in sysfs. Iterates
                       over every pid in the cgroup and its children.
                       --pid and --cgroup are mutually exclusive. If
                       neither are provided, all processes are scanned
                       to provide system-wide information.
  --rollup             Sum the per-vma statistics to provide a summary
                       over the whole system, process or cgroup.
  --cont size[KMG]     Adds stats for memory that is mapped in
                       contiguous blocks of <size> and also aligned to
                       <size>. May be issued multiple times to track
                       multiple sized blocks. Useful to infer e.g.
                       arm64 contpte and hpa mappings. Size must be a
                       power-of-2 number of pages.
  --inc-smaps          Include all numerical, additive
                       /proc/<pid>/smaps stats in the output.
  --inc-empty          Show all statistics including those whose value
                       is 0.
  --periodic sleep_ms  Run in a loop, polling every sleep_ms
                       milliseconds.

Requires root privilege to access pagemap and kpageflags.
--8<--

Example command to summarise fully and partially mapped THPs and 64K
contiguous blocks over all VMAs in all processes in the system
(--inc-empty forces printing stats that are 0):

    # ./thpmaps --cont 64K --rollup --inc-empty

--8<--
anon-thp-pmd-aligned-2048kB:      139264 kB ( 6%)
file-thp-pmd-aligned-2048kB:           0 kB ( 0%)
anon-thp-pte-aligned-16kB:             0 kB ( 0%)
anon-thp-pte-aligned-32kB:             0 kB ( 0%)
anon-thp-pte-aligned-64kB:         72256 kB ( 3%)
anon-thp-pte-aligned-128kB:            0 kB ( 0%)
anon-thp-pte-aligned-256kB:            0 kB ( 0%)
anon-thp-pte-aligned-512kB:            0 kB ( 0%)
anon-thp-pte-aligned-1024kB:           0 kB ( 0%)
anon-thp-pte-aligned-2048kB:           0 kB ( 0%)
anon-thp-pte-unaligned-16kB:           0 kB ( 0%)
anon-thp-pte-unaligned-32kB:           0 kB ( 0%)
anon-thp-pte-unaligned-64kB:           0 kB ( 0%)
anon-thp-pte-unaligned-128kB:          0 kB ( 0%)
anon-thp-pte-unaligned-256kB:          0 kB ( 0%)
anon-thp-pte-unaligned-512kB:          0 kB ( 0%)
anon-thp-pte-unaligned-1024kB:         0 kB ( 0%)
anon-thp-pte-unaligned-2048kB:         0 kB ( 0%)
anon-thp-pte-partial:              63232 kB ( 3%)
file-thp-pte-aligned-16kB:        809024 kB (47%)
file-thp-pte-aligned-32kB:         43168 kB ( 3%)
file-thp-pte-aligned-64kB:         98496 kB ( 6%)
file-thp-pte-aligned-128kB:        17536 kB ( 1%)
file-thp-pte-aligned-256kB:            0 kB ( 0%)
file-thp-pte-aligned-512kB:            0 kB ( 0%)
file-thp-pte-aligned-1024kB:           0 kB ( 0%)
file-thp-pte-aligned-2048kB:           0 kB ( 0%)
file-thp-pte-unaligned-16kB:       21712 kB ( 1%)
file-thp-pte-unaligned-32kB:         704 kB ( 0%)
file-thp-pte-unaligned-64kB:         896 kB ( 0%)
file-thp-pte-unaligned-128kB:      44928 kB ( 3%)
file-thp-pte-unaligned-256kB:          0 kB ( 0%)
file-thp-pte-unaligned-512kB:          0 kB ( 0%)
file-thp-pte-unaligned-1024kB:         0 kB ( 0%)
file-thp-pte-unaligned-2048kB:         0 kB ( 0%)
file-thp-pte-partial:               9252 kB ( 1%)
anon-cont-pmd-aligned-64kB:       139264 kB ( 6%)
file-cont-pmd-aligned-64kB:            0 kB ( 0%)
anon-cont-pte-aligned-64kB:       100672 kB ( 4%)
file-cont-pte-aligned-64kB:       161856 kB ( 9%)
--8<--

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20240116141235.960842-1-ryan.roberts@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com>
Tested-by: Barry Song <v-songbaohua@oppo.com>
Cc: Alistair Popple <apopple@nvidia.com>
Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: John Hubbard <jhubbard@nvidia.com>
Cc: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: William Kucharski <william.kucharski@oracle.com>
Cc: Zenghui Yu <yuzenghui@huawei.com>
Cc: Zi Yan <ziy@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2024-02-22 10:24:38 -08:00
Audra Mitchell
d8ea435f07 tools/mm: update the usage output to be more organized
Organize the usage options alphabetically and improve the description of
some options.  Also separate the more complicated cull options from the
single use compare options.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231013190350.579407-6-audra@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Audra Mitchell <audra@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Rafael Aquini <aquini@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Georgi Djakov <djakov@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2023-10-18 14:34:19 -07:00
Audra Mitchell
c6d5e4901e tools/mm: fix the default case for page_owner_sort
With the additional commands and timestamps added to the tool, the default
case (-t) has been broken.  Now that the allocation timestamps are saved
outside of the txt field, allow us to properly sort the data by number of
times the record has been seen.  Furthermore prevent the misuse of the
commandline arguments so only one compare option can be used.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231013190350.579407-5-audra@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Audra Mitchell <audra@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Rafael Aquini <aquini@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Georgi Djakov <djakov@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2023-10-18 14:34:19 -07:00
Audra Mitchell
63a150623a tools/mm: filter out timestamps for correct collation
With the introduction of allocation timestamps being included in
page_owner output, each record becomes unique due to the timestamp
nanosecond granularity.  Remove the check in add_list that tries to
collate each record during processing as the memcmp() is just additional
overhead at this point.

Also keep the allocation timestamps, but allow collation to occur without
consideration of the allocation timestamp except in the case were
allocation timestamps are requested by the user (the -a option).

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231013190350.579407-4-audra@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Audra Mitchell <audra@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Rafael Aquini <aquini@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Georgi Djakov <djakov@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2023-10-18 14:34:19 -07:00
Audra Mitchell
0179c62839 tools/mm: remove references to free_ts from page_owner_sort
With the removal of free timestamps from page_owner output, we no longer
need to handle this case or the "unreleased" case.  Remove all references
to both cases.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231013190350.579407-3-audra@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Audra Mitchell <audra@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Rafael Aquini <aquini@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Georgi Djakov <djakov@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2023-10-18 14:34:19 -07:00
Xie XiuQi
7f33105cdd tools/mm: fix undefined reference to pthread_once
Commit 97d5f2e9ee ("tools api fs: More thread safety for global
filesystem variables") introduces pthread_once, so the libpthread
should be added at link time, or we'll meet the following compile
error when 'make -C tools/mm':

  gcc -Wall -Wextra -I../lib/ -o page-types page-types.c ../lib/api/libapi.a
  ~/linux/tools/lib/api/fs/fs.c:146: undefined reference to `pthread_once'
  ~/linux/tools/lib/api/fs/fs.c:147: undefined reference to `pthread_once'
  ~/linux/tools/lib/api/fs/fs.c:148: undefined reference to `pthread_once'
  ~/linux/tools/lib/api/fs/fs.c:149: undefined reference to `pthread_once'
  ~/linux/tools/lib/api/fs/fs.c:150: undefined reference to `pthread_once'
  /usr/bin/ld: ../lib/api/libapi.a(libapi-in.o):~/linux/tools/lib/api/fs/fs.c:151:
  more undefined references to `pthread_once' follow
  collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
  make: *** [Makefile:22: page-types] Error 1

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230831034205.2376653-1-xiexiuqi@huaweicloud.com
Fixes: 97d5f2e9ee ("tools api fs: More thread safety for global filesystem variables")
Signed-off-by: Xie XiuQi <xiexiuqi@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2023-09-05 10:13:45 -07:00
Linus Torvalds
736b378b29 slab changes for 6.4
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Merge tag 'slab-for-6.4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vbabka/slab

Pull slab updates from Vlastimil Babka:
 "The main change is naturally the SLOB removal. Since its deprecation
  in 6.2 I've seen no complaints so hopefully SLUB_(TINY) works well for
  everyone and we can proceed.

  Besides the code cleanup, the main immediate benefit will be allowing
  kfree() family of function to work on kmem_cache_alloc() objects,
  which was incompatible with SLOB. This includes kfree_rcu() which had
  no kmem_cache_free_rcu() counterpart yet and now it shouldn't be
  necessary anymore.

  Besides that, there are several small code and comment improvements
  from Thomas, Thorsten and Vernon"

* tag 'slab-for-6.4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vbabka/slab:
  mm/slab: document kfree() as allowed for kmem_cache_alloc() objects
  mm/slob: remove slob.c
  mm/slab: remove CONFIG_SLOB code from slab common code
  mm, pagemap: remove SLOB and SLQB from comments and documentation
  mm, page_flags: remove PG_slob_free
  mm/slob: remove CONFIG_SLOB
  mm/slub: fix help comment of SLUB_DEBUG
  mm: slub: make kobj_type structure constant
  slab: Adjust comment after refactoring of gfp.h
2023-04-25 13:00:41 -07:00
Steve Chou
9235756885 tools/mm/page_owner_sort.c: fix TGID output when cull=tg is used
When using cull option with 'tg' flag, the fprintf is using pid instead
of tgid. It should use tgid instead.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230411034929.2071501-1-steve_chou@pesi.com.tw
Fixes: 9c8a0a8e59 ("tools/vm/page_owner_sort.c: support for user-defined culling rules")
Signed-off-by: Steve Chou <steve_chou@pesi.com.tw>
Cc: Jiajian Ye <yejiajian2018@email.szu.edu.cn>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2023-04-16 10:41:25 -07:00
Vlastimil Babka
c4ba69f00c mm, page_flags: remove PG_slob_free
With SLOB removed we no longer need the PG_slob_free alias for
PG_private. Also update tools/mm/page-types.

Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Hyeonggon Yoo <42.hyeyoo@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Lorenzo Stoakes <lstoakes@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Mike Rapoport (IBM) <rppt@kernel.org>
2023-03-29 10:32:03 +02:00
Herton R. Krzesinski
e6d2c436ff tools/mm: allow users to provide additional cflags/ldflags
Right now there is no way to provide additional cflags/ldflags when
building tools/vm binaries.  And using eg.  make CFLAGS=<options> will
override the CFLAGS being set in the Makefile, making the build fail since
it requires the include of the ../lib dir (for libapi).

This change then allows you to specify:
CFLAGS=<options> LDFLAGS=<options> make V=1 -C tools/vm

And the options will be correctly appended as can be seen from the
make output.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230116224921.4106324-1-herton@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Herton R. Krzesinski <herton@redhat.com>
Cc: Don Zickus <dzickus@redhat.com>
Cc: Justin Forbes <jforbes@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Scott Weaver <scweaver@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2023-02-02 22:33:24 -08:00
SeongJae Park
799fb82aa1 tools/vm: rename tools/vm to tools/mm
Rename tools/vm to tools/mm for being more consistent with the code and
documentation directories, and won't be confused with virtual machines.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230103180754.129637-4-sj@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2023-01-18 17:12:55 -08:00