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Log load and replay is part of the metadata handle flow during mount operation. The $MFT record will be loaded and used while replaying logs. However, a malformed $MFT record, say, has RECORD_FLAG_DIR flag set and contains an ATTR_ROOT attribute will misguide kernel to treat it as a directory, and try to free the allocated resources when the corresponding inode is freed, which will cause an invalid kfree because the memory hasn't actually been allocated. [ 101.368647] BUG: KASAN: invalid-free in kvfree+0x2c/0x40 [ 101.369457] [ 101.369986] CPU: 0 PID: 198 Comm: mount Not tainted 6.0.0-rc7+ #5 [ 101.370529] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.14.0-0-g155821a1990b-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014 [ 101.371362] Call Trace: [ 101.371795] <TASK> [ 101.372157] dump_stack_lvl+0x49/0x63 [ 101.372658] print_report.cold+0xf5/0x689 [ 101.373022] ? ni_write_inode+0x754/0xd90 [ 101.373378] ? kvfree+0x2c/0x40 [ 101.373698] kasan_report_invalid_free+0x77/0xf0 [ 101.374058] ? kvfree+0x2c/0x40 [ 101.374352] ? kvfree+0x2c/0x40 [ 101.374668] __kasan_slab_free+0x189/0x1b0 [ 101.374992] ? kvfree+0x2c/0x40 [ 101.375271] kfree+0x168/0x3b0 [ 101.375717] kvfree+0x2c/0x40 [ 101.376002] indx_clear+0x26/0x60 [ 101.376316] ni_clear+0xc5/0x290 [ 101.376661] ntfs_evict_inode+0x45/0x70 [ 101.377001] evict+0x199/0x280 [ 101.377432] iput.part.0+0x286/0x320 [ 101.377819] iput+0x32/0x50 [ 101.378166] ntfs_loadlog_and_replay+0x143/0x320 [ 101.378656] ? ntfs_bio_fill_1+0x510/0x510 [ 101.378968] ? iput.part.0+0x286/0x320 [ 101.379367] ntfs_fill_super+0xecb/0x1ba0 [ 101.379729] ? put_ntfs+0x1d0/0x1d0 [ 101.380046] ? vsprintf+0x20/0x20 [ 101.380542] ? mutex_unlock+0x81/0xd0 [ 101.380914] ? set_blocksize+0x95/0x150 [ 101.381597] get_tree_bdev+0x232/0x370 [ 101.382254] ? put_ntfs+0x1d0/0x1d0 [ 101.382699] ntfs_fs_get_tree+0x15/0x20 [ 101.383094] vfs_get_tree+0x4c/0x130 [ 101.383675] path_mount+0x654/0xfe0 [ 101.384203] ? putname+0x80/0xa0 [ 101.384540] ? finish_automount+0x2e0/0x2e0 [ 101.384943] ? putname+0x80/0xa0 [ 101.385362] ? kmem_cache_free+0x1c4/0x440 [ 101.385968] ? putname+0x80/0xa0 [ 101.386666] do_mount+0xd6/0xf0 [ 101.387228] ? path_mount+0xfe0/0xfe0 [ 101.387585] ? __kasan_check_write+0x14/0x20 [ 101.387979] __x64_sys_mount+0xca/0x110 [ 101.388436] do_syscall_64+0x3b/0x90 [ 101.388757] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd [ 101.389289] RIP: 0033:0x7fa0f70e948a [ 101.390048] Code: 48 8b 0d 11 fa 2a 00 f7 d8 64 89 01 48 83 c8 ff c3 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f 1f 44 00 00 49 89 ca b8 a5 00 00 008 [ 101.391297] RSP: 002b:00007ffc24fdecc8 EFLAGS: 00000202 ORIG_RAX: 00000000000000a5 [ 101.391988] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 000055932c183060 RCX: 00007fa0f70e948a [ 101.392494] RDX: 000055932c183260 RSI: 000055932c1832e0 RDI: 000055932c18bce0 [ 101.393053] RBP: 0000000000000000 R08: 000055932c183280 R09: 0000000000000020 [ 101.393577] R10: 00000000c0ed0000 R11: 0000000000000202 R12: 000055932c18bce0 [ 101.394044] R13: 000055932c183260 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 00000000ffffffff [ 101.394747] </TASK> [ 101.395402] [ 101.396047] Allocated by task 198: [ 101.396724] kasan_save_stack+0x26/0x50 [ 101.397400] __kasan_slab_alloc+0x6d/0x90 [ 101.397974] kmem_cache_alloc_lru+0x192/0x5a0 [ 101.398524] ntfs_alloc_inode+0x23/0x70 [ 101.399137] alloc_inode+0x3b/0xf0 [ 101.399534] iget5_locked+0x54/0xa0 [ 101.400026] ntfs_iget5+0xaf/0x1780 [ 101.400414] ntfs_loadlog_and_replay+0xe5/0x320 [ 101.400883] ntfs_fill_super+0xecb/0x1ba0 [ 101.401313] get_tree_bdev+0x232/0x370 [ 101.401774] ntfs_fs_get_tree+0x15/0x20 [ 101.402224] vfs_get_tree+0x4c/0x130 [ 101.402673] path_mount+0x654/0xfe0 [ 101.403160] do_mount+0xd6/0xf0 [ 101.403537] __x64_sys_mount+0xca/0x110 [ 101.404058] do_syscall_64+0x3b/0x90 [ 101.404333] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd [ 101.404816] [ 101.405067] The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff888008cc9ea0 [ 101.405067] which belongs to the cache ntfs_inode_cache of size 992 [ 101.406171] The buggy address is located 232 bytes inside of [ 101.406171] 992-byte region [ffff888008cc9ea0, ffff888008cca280) [ 101.406995] [ 101.408559] The buggy address belongs to the physical page: [ 101.409320] page:00000000dccf19dd refcount:1 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0 pfn:0x8cc8 [ 101.410654] head:00000000dccf19dd order:2 compound_mapcount:0 compound_pincount:0 [ 101.411533] flags: 0xfffffc0010200(slab|head|node=0|zone=1|lastcpupid=0x1fffff) [ 101.412665] raw: 000fffffc0010200 0000000000000000 dead000000000122 ffff888003695140 [ 101.413209] raw: 0000000000000000 00000000800e000e 00000001ffffffff 0000000000000000 [ 101.413799] page dumped because: kasan: bad access detected [ 101.414213] [ 101.414427] Memory state around the buggy address: [ 101.414991] ffff888008cc9e80: fc fc fc fc 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 101.415785] ffff888008cc9f00: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 101.416933] >ffff888008cc9f80: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 101.417857] ^ [ 101.418566] ffff888008cca000: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 101.419704] ffff888008cca080: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Signed-off-by: Edward Lo <edward.lo@ambergroup.io> Signed-off-by: Konstantin Komarov <almaz.alexandrovich@paragon-software.com>
Linux kernel
============
There are several guides for kernel developers and users. These guides can
be rendered in a number of formats, like HTML and PDF. Please read
Documentation/admin-guide/README.rst first.
In order to build the documentation, use ``make htmldocs`` or
``make pdfdocs``. The formatted documentation can also be read online at:
https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/
There are various text files in the Documentation/ subdirectory,
several of them using the Restructured Text markup notation.
Please read the Documentation/process/changes.rst file, as it contains the
requirements for building and running the kernel, and information about
the problems which may result by upgrading your kernel.