linux/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_trans_inode.c

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// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Copyright (c) 2000,2005 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
* All Rights Reserved.
*/
#include "xfs.h"
#include "xfs_fs.h"
#include "xfs_shared.h"
#include "xfs_format.h"
#include "xfs_log_format.h"
#include "xfs_inode.h"
#include "xfs_trans.h"
#include "xfs_trans_priv.h"
#include "xfs_inode_item.h"
#include <linux/iversion.h>
/*
* Add a locked inode to the transaction.
*
* The inode must be locked, and it cannot be associated with any transaction.
* If lock_flags is non-zero the inode will be unlocked on transaction commit.
*/
void
xfs_trans_ijoin(
struct xfs_trans *tp,
struct xfs_inode *ip,
uint lock_flags)
{
struct xfs_inode_log_item *iip;
ASSERT(xfs_isilocked(ip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL));
if (ip->i_itemp == NULL)
xfs_inode_item_init(ip, ip->i_mount);
iip = ip->i_itemp;
ASSERT(iip->ili_lock_flags == 0);
iip->ili_lock_flags = lock_flags;
xfs: Don't allow logging of XFS_ISTALE inodes In tracking down a problem in this patchset, I discovered we are reclaiming dirty stale inodes. This wasn't discovered until inodes were always attached to the cluster buffer and then the rcu callback that freed inodes was assert failing because the inode still had an active pointer to the cluster buffer after it had been reclaimed. Debugging the issue indicated that this was a pre-existing issue resulting from the way the inodes are handled in xfs_inactive_ifree. When we free a cluster buffer from xfs_ifree_cluster, all the inodes in cache are marked XFS_ISTALE. Those that are clean have nothing else done to them and so eventually get cleaned up by background reclaim. i.e. it is assumed we'll never dirty/relog an inode marked XFS_ISTALE. On journal commit dirty stale inodes as are handled by both buffer and inode log items to run though xfs_istale_done() and removed from the AIL (buffer log item commit) or the log item will simply unpin it because the buffer log item will clean it. What happens to any specific inode is entirely dependent on which log item wins the commit race, but the result is the same - stale inodes are clean, not attached to the cluster buffer, and not in the AIL. Hence inode reclaim can just free these inodes without further care. However, if the stale inode is relogged, it gets dirtied again and relogged into the CIL. Most of the time this isn't an issue, because relogging simply changes the inode's location in the current checkpoint. Problems arise, however, when the CIL checkpoints between two transactions in the xfs_inactive_ifree() deferops processing. This results in the XFS_ISTALE inode being redirtied and inserted into the CIL without any of the other stale cluster buffer infrastructure being in place. Hence on journal commit, it simply gets unpinned, so it remains dirty in memory. Everything in inode writeback avoids XFS_ISTALE inodes so it can't be written back, and it is not tracked in the AIL so there's not even a trigger to attempt to clean the inode. Hence the inode just sits dirty in memory until inode reclaim comes along, sees that it is XFS_ISTALE, and goes to reclaim it. This reclaiming of a dirty inode caused use after free, list corruptions and other nasty issues later in this patchset. Hence this patch addresses a violation of the "never log XFS_ISTALE inodes" caused by the deferops processing rolling a transaction and relogging a stale inode in xfs_inactive_free. It also adds a bunch of asserts to catch this problem in debug kernels so that we don't reintroduce this problem in future. Reproducer for this issue was generic/558 on a v4 filesystem. Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Brian Foster <bfoster@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
2020-06-29 21:48:45 +00:00
ASSERT(!xfs_iflags_test(ip, XFS_ISTALE));
/*
* Get a log_item_desc to point at the new item.
*/
xfs_trans_add_item(tp, &iip->ili_item);
}
/*
* Transactional inode timestamp update. Requires the inode to be locked and
* joined to the transaction supplied. Relies on the transaction subsystem to
* track dirty state and update/writeback the inode accordingly.
*/
void
xfs_trans_ichgtime(
struct xfs_trans *tp,
struct xfs_inode *ip,
int flags)
{
struct inode *inode = VFS_I(ip);
struct timespec64 tv;
ASSERT(tp);
ASSERT(xfs_isilocked(ip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL));
tv = current_time(inode);
if (flags & XFS_ICHGTIME_MOD)
inode->i_mtime = tv;
if (flags & XFS_ICHGTIME_CHG)
inode->i_ctime = tv;
if (flags & XFS_ICHGTIME_CREATE)
ip->i_d.di_crtime = tv;
}
/*
* This is called to mark the fields indicated in fieldmask as needing
* to be logged when the transaction is committed. The inode must
* already be associated with the given transaction.
*
* The values for fieldmask are defined in xfs_inode_item.h. We always
* log all of the core inode if any of it has changed, and we always log
* all of the inline data/extents/b-tree root if any of them has changed.
*/
void
xfs_trans_log_inode(
xfs_trans_t *tp,
xfs_inode_t *ip,
uint flags)
{
struct inode *inode = VFS_I(ip);
ASSERT(ip->i_itemp != NULL);
ASSERT(xfs_isilocked(ip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL));
xfs: Don't allow logging of XFS_ISTALE inodes In tracking down a problem in this patchset, I discovered we are reclaiming dirty stale inodes. This wasn't discovered until inodes were always attached to the cluster buffer and then the rcu callback that freed inodes was assert failing because the inode still had an active pointer to the cluster buffer after it had been reclaimed. Debugging the issue indicated that this was a pre-existing issue resulting from the way the inodes are handled in xfs_inactive_ifree. When we free a cluster buffer from xfs_ifree_cluster, all the inodes in cache are marked XFS_ISTALE. Those that are clean have nothing else done to them and so eventually get cleaned up by background reclaim. i.e. it is assumed we'll never dirty/relog an inode marked XFS_ISTALE. On journal commit dirty stale inodes as are handled by both buffer and inode log items to run though xfs_istale_done() and removed from the AIL (buffer log item commit) or the log item will simply unpin it because the buffer log item will clean it. What happens to any specific inode is entirely dependent on which log item wins the commit race, but the result is the same - stale inodes are clean, not attached to the cluster buffer, and not in the AIL. Hence inode reclaim can just free these inodes without further care. However, if the stale inode is relogged, it gets dirtied again and relogged into the CIL. Most of the time this isn't an issue, because relogging simply changes the inode's location in the current checkpoint. Problems arise, however, when the CIL checkpoints between two transactions in the xfs_inactive_ifree() deferops processing. This results in the XFS_ISTALE inode being redirtied and inserted into the CIL without any of the other stale cluster buffer infrastructure being in place. Hence on journal commit, it simply gets unpinned, so it remains dirty in memory. Everything in inode writeback avoids XFS_ISTALE inodes so it can't be written back, and it is not tracked in the AIL so there's not even a trigger to attempt to clean the inode. Hence the inode just sits dirty in memory until inode reclaim comes along, sees that it is XFS_ISTALE, and goes to reclaim it. This reclaiming of a dirty inode caused use after free, list corruptions and other nasty issues later in this patchset. Hence this patch addresses a violation of the "never log XFS_ISTALE inodes" caused by the deferops processing rolling a transaction and relogging a stale inode in xfs_inactive_free. It also adds a bunch of asserts to catch this problem in debug kernels so that we don't reintroduce this problem in future. Reproducer for this issue was generic/558 on a v4 filesystem. Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Brian Foster <bfoster@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
2020-06-29 21:48:45 +00:00
ASSERT(!xfs_iflags_test(ip, XFS_ISTALE));
/*
* Don't bother with i_lock for the I_DIRTY_TIME check here, as races
* don't matter - we either will need an extra transaction in 24 hours
* to log the timestamps, or will clear already cleared fields in the
* worst case.
*/
if (inode->i_state & (I_DIRTY_TIME | I_DIRTY_TIME_EXPIRED)) {
spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
inode->i_state &= ~(I_DIRTY_TIME | I_DIRTY_TIME_EXPIRED);
spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
}
xfs: optimise away log forces on timestamp updates for fdatasync xfs: timestamp updates cause excessive fdatasync log traffic Sage Weil reported that a ceph test workload was writing to the log on every fdatasync during an overwrite workload. Event tracing showed that the only metadata modification being made was the timestamp updates during the write(2) syscall, but fdatasync(2) is supposed to ignore them. The key observation was that the transactions in the log all looked like this: INODE: #regs: 4 ino: 0x8b flags: 0x45 dsize: 32 And contained a flags field of 0x45 or 0x85, and had data and attribute forks following the inode core. This means that the timestamp updates were triggering dirty relogging of previously logged parts of the inode that hadn't yet been flushed back to disk. There are two parts to this problem. The first is that XFS relogs dirty regions in subsequent transactions, so it carries around the fields that have been dirtied since the last time the inode was written back to disk, not since the last time the inode was forced into the log. The second part is that on v5 filesystems, the inode change count update during inode dirtying also sets the XFS_ILOG_CORE flag, so on v5 filesystems this makes a timestamp update dirty the entire inode. As a result when fdatasync is run, it looks at the dirty fields in the inode, and sees more than just the timestamp flag, even though the only metadata change since the last fdatasync was just the timestamps. Hence we force the log on every subsequent fdatasync even though it is not needed. To fix this, add a new field to the inode log item that tracks changes since the last time fsync/fdatasync forced the log to flush the changes to the journal. This flag is updated when we dirty the inode, but we do it before updating the change count so it does not carry the "core dirty" flag from timestamp updates. The fields are zeroed when the inode is marked clean (due to writeback/freeing) or when an fsync/datasync forces the log. Hence if we only dirty the timestamps on the inode between fsync/fdatasync calls, the fdatasync will not trigger another log force. Over 100 runs of the test program: Ext4 baseline: runtime: 1.63s +/- 0.24s avg lat: 1.59ms +/- 0.24ms iops: ~2000 XFS, vanilla kernel: runtime: 2.45s +/- 0.18s avg lat: 2.39ms +/- 0.18ms log forces: ~400/s iops: ~1000 XFS, patched kernel: runtime: 1.49s +/- 0.26s avg lat: 1.46ms +/- 0.25ms log forces: ~30/s iops: ~1500 Reported-by: Sage Weil <sage@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Brian Foster <bfoster@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
2015-11-03 02:14:59 +00:00
/*
* Record the specific change for fdatasync optimisation. This
* allows fdatasync to skip log forces for inodes that are only
* timestamp dirty. We do this before the change count so that
* the core being logged in this case does not impact on fdatasync
* behaviour.
*/
ip->i_itemp->ili_fsync_fields |= flags;
/*
* First time we log the inode in a transaction, bump the inode change
* counter if it is configured for this to occur. While we have the
* inode locked exclusively for metadata modification, we can usually
* avoid setting XFS_ILOG_CORE if no one has queried the value since
* the last time it was incremented. If we have XFS_ILOG_CORE already
* set however, then go ahead and bump the i_version counter
* unconditionally.
*/
if (!test_and_set_bit(XFS_LI_DIRTY, &ip->i_itemp->ili_item.li_flags) &&
IS_I_VERSION(VFS_I(ip))) {
if (inode_maybe_inc_iversion(VFS_I(ip), flags & XFS_ILOG_CORE))
flags |= XFS_ILOG_CORE;
}
tp->t_flags |= XFS_TRANS_DIRTY;
/*
* Always OR in the bits from the ili_last_fields field.
* This is to coordinate with the xfs_iflush() and xfs_iflush_done()
* routines in the eventual clearing of the ili_fields bits.
* See the big comment in xfs_iflush() for an explanation of
* this coordination mechanism.
*/
flags |= ip->i_itemp->ili_last_fields;
ip->i_itemp->ili_fields |= flags;
}
int
xfs_trans_roll_inode(
struct xfs_trans **tpp,
struct xfs_inode *ip)
{
int error;
xfs_trans_log_inode(*tpp, ip, XFS_ILOG_CORE);
error = xfs_trans_roll(tpp);
if (!error)
xfs_trans_ijoin(*tpp, ip, 0);
return error;
}