operator==,!=,<,<=,>,>=,<=>(std::unique_ptr)

 

C++

编译器支持

自立实现与有宿主实现

语言

标准库

标准库标头

具名要求

功能特性测试宏 (C++20)

语言支持库

概念库 (C++20)

元编程库 (C++11)

诊断库

通用工具库

字符串库

容器库

迭代器库

范围库 (C++20)

算法库

数值库

本地化库

输入/输出库

文件系统库 (C++17)

正则表达式库 (C++11)

并发支持库 (C++11)

技术规范

符号索引

外部库

 

工具库

语言支持 类型支持（基本类型、RTTI） 库功能特性测试宏 (C++20) 动态内存管理 程序工具 协程支持 (C++20) 变参数函数 is_constant_evaluated (C++20) is_within_lifetime (C++26) initializer_list (C++11) source_location (C++20) 调试支持 is_debugger_present (C++26) breakpoint_if_debugging (C++26) breakpoint (C++26) 三路比较 three_way_comparablethree_way_comparable_with (C++20)(C++20) strong_ordering (C++20) weak_ordering (C++20) partial_ordering (C++20) common_comparison_category (C++20) compare_three_way_result (C++20) compare_three_way (C++20) strong_order (C++20) weak_order (C++20) partial_order (C++20) compare_strong_order_fallback (C++20) compare_weak_order_fallback (C++20) compare_partial_order_fallback (C++20)    is_eqis_ltis_lteq (C++20)(C++20)(C++20) is_neqis_gtis_gteq (C++20)(C++20)(C++20)

通用工具 日期和时间 函数对象 格式化库 (C++20) bitset hash (C++11) 关系运算符 (C++20 中弃用) rel_ops::operator!=rel_ops::operator>     rel_ops::operator<=rel_ops::operator>= 整数比较函数 cmp_equalcmp_lesscmp_less_than (C++20)(C++20)(C++20)    cmp_not_equalcmp_greatercmp_greater_than (C++20)(C++20)(C++20) in_range (C++20) 交换与类型运算 swap ranges::swap (C++20) exchange (C++14) declval (C++11) to_underlying (C++23) forward (C++11) forward_like (C++23) move (C++11) move_if_noexcept (C++11) as_const (C++17) 常用词汇类型 pair tuple (C++11) optional (C++17) any (C++17) variant (C++17) tuple_size (C++11) tuple_element (C++11) apply (C++17) make_from_tuple (C++17) expected (C++23) 初等字符串转换 to_chars (C++17) from_chars (C++17) chars_format (C++17) to_chars_result (C++17) from_chars_result (C++17)

 

动态内存管理

未初始化内存算法 uninitialized_copy uninitialized_fill uninitialized_move (C++17) uninitialized_default_construct (C++17) uninitialized_value_construct (C++17) destroy (C++17) destroy_at (C++17) voidify (C++20) uninitialized_copy_n (C++11) uninitialized_fill_n uninitialized_move_n (C++17) uninitialized_default_construct_n (C++17) uninitialized_value_construct_n (C++17) destroy_n (C++17) construct_at (C++20) 受约束的未初始化内存算法 ranges::uninitialized_copy (C++20) ranges::uninitialized_fill (C++20) ranges::uninitialized_move (C++20) ranges::construct_at (C++20) ranges::destroy (C++20) ranges::destroy_n (C++20) ranges::destroy_at (C++20) ranges::uninitialized_copy_n (C++20) ranges::uninitialized_fill_n (C++20) ranges::uninitialized_move_n (C++20) ranges::uninitialized_default_construct (C++20) ranges::uninitialized_value_construct (C++20) ranges::uninitialized_default_construct_n (C++20)   ranges::uninitialized_value_construct_n (C++20) 分配器 allocator allocator_traits (C++11) allocation_result (C++23) allocator_arg (C++11) uses_allocator (C++11) uses_allocator_construction_args (C++20) make_obj_using_allocator (C++20) uninitialized_construct_using_allocator (C++20) scoped_allocator_adaptor (C++11) pmr::polymorphic_allocator (C++17) 内存资源 pmr::memory_resource (C++17) pmr::get_default_resource (C++17) pmr::set_default_resource (C++17) pmr::new_delete_resource (C++17) pmr::null_memory_resource (C++17) pmr::synchronized_pool_resource (C++17) pmr::unsynchronized_pool_resource (C++17)   pmr::monotonic_buffer_resource (C++17) pmr::pool_options (C++17) 垃圾收集器支持 declare_reachable (C++11)(C++23 前) undeclare_reachable (C++11)(C++23 前) declare_no_pointers (C++11)(C++23 前) undeclare_no_pointers (C++11)(C++23 前) pointer_safety (C++11)(C++23 前) get_pointer_safety (C++11)(C++23 前) 未初始化存储 raw_storage_iterator (C++20 前*) get_temporary_buffer (C++20 前*) return_temporary_buffer (C++20 前*) 显式生存期管理 start_lifetime_asstart_lifetime_as_array (C++23)(C++23)

智能指针 unique_ptr (C++11) shared_ptr (C++11) weak_ptr (C++11) auto_ptr (C++17 前*) owner_less (C++11) owner_less<void> (C++17) owner_hash (C++26) owner_equal (C++26) enable_shared_from_this (C++11) bad_weak_ptr (C++11) default_delete (C++11) out_ptr_t (C++23) inout_ptr_t (C++23) 低层内存管理 operator new operator new[] operator delete operator delete[] get_new_handler (C++11) set_new_handler launder (C++17) bad_alloc bad_array_new_length (C++11) nothrow_t align_val_t (C++17) destroying_delete_t (C++20) new_handler nothrow 杂项 pointer_traits (C++11) to_address (C++20) addressof (C++11) align (C++11) assume_aligned (C++20) C 库 malloc calloc realloc    aligned_alloc (C++17) free

 

std::unique_ptr

成员函数

unique_ptr::unique_ptr

unique_ptr::~unique_ptr

unique_ptr::operator=

修改器

unique_ptr::release

unique_ptr::reset

unique_ptr::swap

观察器

unique_ptr::get

unique_ptr::get_deleter

unique_ptr::operator bool

unique_ptr::operator*unique_ptr::operator->

unique_ptr::operator[]

非成员函数

make_uniquemake_unique_for_overwrite (C++14)(C++20)

operator==operator!=operator<operator>operator<=operator>=operator<=> (C++20 前)(C++20)

operator<< (C++20)

swap(std::unique_ptr)

辅助类

hash<std::unique_ptr>

 

在标头 <memory> 定义
template< class T1, class D1, class T2, class D2 > bool operator==( const unique_ptr<T1, D1>& x, const unique_ptr<T2, D2>& y );	(1)	(C++11 起) (constexpr since C++23)
template< class T1, class D1, class T2, class D2 > bool operator!=( const unique_ptr<T1, D1>& x, const unique_ptr<T2, D2>& y );	(2)	(C++11 起) (C++20 前)
template< class T1, class D1, class T2, class D2 > bool operator<( const unique_ptr<T1, D1>& x, const unique_ptr<T2, D2>& y );	(3)	(C++11 起)
template< class T1, class D1, class T2, class D2 > bool operator<=( const unique_ptr<T1, D1>& x, const unique_ptr<T2, D2>& y );	(4)	(C++11 起)
template< class T1, class D1, class T2, class D2 > bool operator>( const unique_ptr<T1, D1>& x, const unique_ptr<T2, D2>& y );	(5)	(C++11 起)
template< class T1, class D1, class T2, class D2 > bool operator>=( const unique_ptr<T1, D1>& x, const unique_ptr<T2, D2>& y );	(6)	(C++11 起)
template< class T1, class D1, class T2, class D2 >     requires std::three_way_comparable_with<         typename unique_ptr<T1, D1>::pointer,         typename unique_ptr<T2, D2>::pointer> std::compare_three_way_result_t<typename unique_ptr<T1, D1>::pointer,                                 typename unique_ptr<T2, D2>::pointer>     operator<=>( const unique_ptr<T1, D1>& x, const unique_ptr<T2, D2>& y );	(7)	(C++20 起)
template< class T, class D > bool operator==( const unique_ptr<T, D>& x, std::nullptr_t ) noexcept;	(8)	(C++11 起) (constexpr since C++23)
template< class T, class D > bool operator==( std::nullptr_t, const unique_ptr<T, D>& x ) noexcept;	(9)	(C++11 起) (C++20 前)
template< class T, class D > bool operator!=( const unique_ptr<T, D>& x, std::nullptr_t ) noexcept;	(10)	(C++11 起) (C++20 前)
template< class T, class D > bool operator!=( std::nullptr_t, const unique_ptr<T, D>& x ) noexcept;	(11)	(C++11 起) (C++20 前)
template< class T, class D > bool operator<( const unique_ptr<T, D>& x, std::nullptr_t );	(12)	(C++11 起) (constexpr since C++23)
template< class T, class D > bool operator<( std::nullptr_t, const unique_ptr<T, D>& y );	(13)	(C++11 起) (constexpr since C++23)
template< class T, class D > bool operator<=( const unique_ptr<T, D>& x, std::nullptr_t );	(14)	(C++11 起) (constexpr since C++23)
template< class T, class D > bool operator<=( std::nullptr_t, const unique_ptr<T, D>& y );	(15)	(C++11 起) (constexpr since C++23)
template< class T, class D > bool operator>( const unique_ptr<T, D>& x, std::nullptr_t );	(16)	(C++11 起) (constexpr since C++23)
template< class T, class D > bool operator>( std::nullptr_t, const unique_ptr<T, D>& y );	(17)	(C++11 起) (constexpr since C++23)
template< class T, class D > bool operator>=( const unique_ptr<T, D>& x, std::nullptr_t );	(18)	(C++11 起) (constexpr since C++23)
template< class T, class D > bool operator>=( std::nullptr_t, const unique_ptr<T, D>& y );	(19)	(C++11 起) (constexpr since C++23)
template< class T, class D >     requires std::three_way_comparable<typename unique_ptr<T, D>::pointer> std::compare_three_way_result_t<typename unique_ptr<T, D>::pointer>     operator<=>( const unique_ptr<T, D>& x, std::nullptr_t );	(20)	(C++20 起) (constexpr since C++23)

比较两个 unique_ptr 或 unique_ptr 与 nullptr 的指针值。

1-7) 比较两个 unique_ptr。

8-20) 比较 unique_ptr 与 nullptr。

!= 运算符从 operator== 运算符合成。

(C++20 起)

参数

x, y

-

要比较的 unique_ptr

返回值

1) x.get() == y.get()

2) x.get() != y.get()

3) std::less<CT>()(x.get(), y.get())，其中 CT 是 std::common_type<unique_ptr<T1, D1>::pointer, unique_ptr<T2, D2>::pointer>::type

4) !(y < x)

5) y < x

6) !(x < y)

7) std::compare_three_way{}(x.get(), y.get())

8,9) !x

10,11) (bool)x

12) std::less<unique_ptr<T,D>::pointer>()(x.get(), nullptr)

13) std::less<unique_ptr<T,D>::pointer>()(nullptr, y.get())

14) !(nullptr < x)

15) !(y < nullptr)

16) nullptr < x

17) y < nullptr

18) !(x < nullptr)

19) !(nullptr < y)

20) std::compare_three_way{}(x.get(), static_cast<typename unique_ptr<T, D>::pointer>(nullptr))

示例

运行此代码

#include <iostream>
#include <memory>
 
int main()
{
    std::unique_ptr<int> p1(new int(42));
    std::unique_ptr<int> p2(new int(42));
 
    std::cout << std::boolalpha
        << "(p1 == p1)       : " << (p1 == p1) << '\n'
        << "(p1 <=> p1) == 0 : " << ((p1 <=> p1) == 0) << '\n' // C++20 起
 
    // p1 与 p2 指向不同内存位置，故 p1 != p2
        << "(p1 == p2)       : " << (p1 == p2) << '\n'
        << "(p1 < p2)        : " << (p1 < p2) << '\n'
        << "(p1 <=> p2) < 0  : " << ((p1 <=> p2) < 0) << '\n'   // C++20 起
        << "(p1 <=> p2) == 0 : " << ((p1 <=> p2) == 0) << '\n'; // C++20 起
}

可能的输出：

(p1 == p1)       : true
(p1 <=> p1) == 0 : true
(p1 == p2)       : false
(p1 < p2)        : true
(p1 <=> p2) < 0  : true
(p1 <=> p2) == 0 : false

缺陷报告

下列更改行为的缺陷报告追溯地应用于以前出版的 C++ 标准。

缺陷报告	应用于	出版时的行为	正确行为
LWG 3426	C++20	operator<=>(unique_ptr, nullptr_t) 非良构	修正约束与定义

参阅

get	返回指向被管理对象的指针 (公开成员函数)