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README: Remove sporadic tabs
Indentation was already done mainly with spaces, so this commit removes the tabs and makes some of the whitespace more consistent. Signed-off-by: Michael Witten <mfwitten@gmail.com> Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net> Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
This commit is contained in:
Michael Witten
Jiri Kosina
parent
7f65e924c0
commit
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140
README
140
README
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
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Linux kernel release 3.x <http://kernel.org/>
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Linux kernel release 3.x <http://kernel.org/>
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These are the release notes for Linux version 3. Read them carefully,
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as they tell you what this is all about, explain how to install the
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@ -62,11 +62,11 @@ INSTALLING the kernel source:
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directory where you have permissions (eg. your home directory) and
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unpack it:
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gzip -cd linux-3.X.tar.gz | tar xvf -
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gzip -cd linux-3.X.tar.gz | tar xvf -
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or
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bzip2 -dc linux-3.X.tar.bz2 | tar xvf -
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bzip2 -dc linux-3.X.tar.bz2 | tar xvf -
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Replace "X" with the version number of the latest kernel.
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@ -80,11 +80,11 @@ INSTALLING the kernel source:
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install by patching, get all the newer patch files, enter the
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top level directory of the kernel source (linux-3.X) and execute:
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gzip -cd ../patch-3.x.gz | patch -p1
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gzip -cd ../patch-3.x.gz | patch -p1
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or
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bzip2 -dc ../patch-3.x.bz2 | patch -p1
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bzip2 -dc ../patch-3.x.bz2 | patch -p1
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Replace "x" for all versions bigger than the version "X" of your current
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source tree, _in_order_, and you should be ok. You may want to remove
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@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ INSTALLING the kernel source:
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process. It determines the current kernel version and applies any
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patches found.
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linux/scripts/patch-kernel linux
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linux/scripts/patch-kernel linux
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The first argument in the command above is the location of the
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kernel source. Patches are applied from the current directory, but
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@ -113,8 +113,8 @@ INSTALLING the kernel source:
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- Make sure you have no stale .o files and dependencies lying around:
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cd linux
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make mrproper
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cd linux
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make mrproper
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You should now have the sources correctly installed.
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@ -137,8 +137,8 @@ BUILD directory for the kernel:
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place for the output files (including .config).
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Example:
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kernel source code: /usr/src/linux-3.X
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build directory: /home/name/build/kernel
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kernel source code: /usr/src/linux-3.X
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build directory: /home/name/build/kernel
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To configure and build the kernel, use:
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@ -161,76 +161,76 @@ CONFIGURING the kernel:
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- Alternative configuration commands are:
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"make config" Plain text interface.
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"make config" Plain text interface.
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"make menuconfig" Text based color menus, radiolists & dialogs.
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"make menuconfig" Text based color menus, radiolists & dialogs.
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"make nconfig" Enhanced text based color menus.
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"make nconfig" Enhanced text based color menus.
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"make xconfig" X windows (Qt) based configuration tool.
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"make xconfig" X windows (Qt) based configuration tool.
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"make gconfig" X windows (Gtk) based configuration tool.
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"make gconfig" X windows (Gtk) based configuration tool.
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"make oldconfig" Default all questions based on the contents of
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your existing ./.config file and asking about
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new config symbols.
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"make oldconfig" Default all questions based on the contents of
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your existing ./.config file and asking about
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new config symbols.
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"make silentoldconfig"
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Like above, but avoids cluttering the screen
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with questions already answered.
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Additionally updates the dependencies.
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"make silentoldconfig"
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Like above, but avoids cluttering the screen
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with questions already answered.
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Additionally updates the dependencies.
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"make defconfig" Create a ./.config file by using the default
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symbol values from either arch/$ARCH/defconfig
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or arch/$ARCH/configs/${PLATFORM}_defconfig,
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depending on the architecture.
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"make defconfig" Create a ./.config file by using the default
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symbol values from either arch/$ARCH/defconfig
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or arch/$ARCH/configs/${PLATFORM}_defconfig,
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depending on the architecture.
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"make ${PLATFORM}_defconfig"
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Create a ./.config file by using the default
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symbol values from
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arch/$ARCH/configs/${PLATFORM}_defconfig.
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Use "make help" to get a list of all available
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platforms of your architecture.
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"make ${PLATFORM}_defconfig"
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Create a ./.config file by using the default
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symbol values from
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arch/$ARCH/configs/${PLATFORM}_defconfig.
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Use "make help" to get a list of all available
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platforms of your architecture.
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"make allyesconfig"
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Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
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values to 'y' as much as possible.
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"make allyesconfig"
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Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
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values to 'y' as much as possible.
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"make allmodconfig"
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Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
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values to 'm' as much as possible.
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"make allmodconfig"
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Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
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values to 'm' as much as possible.
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"make allnoconfig" Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
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values to 'n' as much as possible.
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"make allnoconfig" Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
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values to 'n' as much as possible.
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"make randconfig" Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
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values to random values.
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"make randconfig" Create a ./.config file by setting symbol
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values to random values.
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You can find more information on using the Linux kernel config tools
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in Documentation/kbuild/kconfig.txt.
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NOTES on "make config":
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- NOTES on "make config":
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- Having unnecessary drivers will make the kernel bigger, and can
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under some circumstances lead to problems: probing for a
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nonexistent controller card may confuse your other controllers
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- Having unnecessary drivers will make the kernel bigger, and can
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under some circumstances lead to problems: probing for a
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nonexistent controller card may confuse your other controllers
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- Compiling the kernel with "Processor type" set higher than 386
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will result in a kernel that does NOT work on a 386. The
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kernel will detect this on bootup, and give up.
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- Compiling the kernel with "Processor type" set higher than 386
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will result in a kernel that does NOT work on a 386. The
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kernel will detect this on bootup, and give up.
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- A kernel with math-emulation compiled in will still use the
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coprocessor if one is present: the math emulation will just
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never get used in that case. The kernel will be slightly larger,
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but will work on different machines regardless of whether they
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have a math coprocessor or not.
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- A kernel with math-emulation compiled in will still use the
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coprocessor if one is present: the math emulation will just
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never get used in that case. The kernel will be slightly larger,
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but will work on different machines regardless of whether they
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have a math coprocessor or not.
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- The "kernel hacking" configuration details usually result in a
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bigger or slower kernel (or both), and can even make the kernel
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less stable by configuring some routines to actively try to
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break bad code to find kernel problems (kmalloc()). Thus you
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should probably answer 'n' to the questions for
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"development", "experimental", or "debugging" features.
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- The "kernel hacking" configuration details usually result in a
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bigger or slower kernel (or both), and can even make the kernel
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less stable by configuring some routines to actively try to
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break bad code to find kernel problems (kmalloc()). Thus you
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should probably answer 'n' to the questions for "development",
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"experimental", or "debugging" features.
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COMPILING the kernel:
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@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ COMPILING the kernel:
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For this, use "verbose" build mode. This is done by inserting
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"V=1" in the "make" command. E.g.:
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make V=1 all
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make V=1 all
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To have the build system also tell the reason for the rebuild of each
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target, use "V=2". The default is "V=0".
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@ -320,14 +320,14 @@ IF SOMETHING GOES WRONG:
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- If the bug results in a message like
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unable to handle kernel paging request at address C0000010
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Oops: 0002
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EIP: 0010:XXXXXXXX
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eax: xxxxxxxx ebx: xxxxxxxx ecx: xxxxxxxx edx: xxxxxxxx
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esi: xxxxxxxx edi: xxxxxxxx ebp: xxxxxxxx
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ds: xxxx es: xxxx fs: xxxx gs: xxxx
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Pid: xx, process nr: xx
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xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx
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unable to handle kernel paging request at address C0000010
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Oops: 0002
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EIP: 0010:XXXXXXXX
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eax: xxxxxxxx ebx: xxxxxxxx ecx: xxxxxxxx edx: xxxxxxxx
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esi: xxxxxxxx edi: xxxxxxxx ebp: xxxxxxxx
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ds: xxxx es: xxxx fs: xxxx gs: xxxx
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Pid: xx, process nr: xx
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xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx
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or similar kernel debugging information on your screen or in your
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system log, please duplicate it *exactly*. The dump may look
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@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ IF SOMETHING GOES WRONG:
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the file 'linux/vmlinux'. To extract the namelist and match it against
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the EIP from the kernel crash, do:
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nm vmlinux | sort | less
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nm vmlinux | sort | less
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This will give you a list of kernel addresses sorted in ascending
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order, from which it is simple to find the function that contains the
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