After a lot of experimenting (see thread Link points to) document for
now the issues and requirements for future improvements to the thunk
handling and potential issuing of a diagnostic when the default thunk
hasn't been patched out.
This documentation is only temporary and that close before the merge
window it is only a placeholder for those future improvements.
Suggested-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231010171020.462211-1-david.kaplan@amd.com
vdso32-setup.c is part of the main kernel image and should not be
excluded from objtool. Objtool is necessary in part for ensuring that
returns in this file are correctly patched to the appropriate return
thunk at runtime.
Signed-off-by: David Kaplan <david.kaplan@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Acked-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231010171020.462211-3-david.kaplan@amd.com
Parse the pti= and nopti cmdline options using early_param to fix 'Unknown
kernel command line parameters "nopti", will be passed to user space'
warnings in the kernel log when nopti or pti= are passed to the kernel
cmdline on x86 platforms.
Additionally allow the kernel to warn for malformed pti= options.
Signed-off-by: Jo Van Bulck <jo.vanbulck@cs.kuleuven.be>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Reviewed-by: Sohil Mehta <sohil.mehta@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230819080921.5324-2-jo.vanbulck@cs.kuleuven.be
CONFIG_RETHUNK, CONFIG_CPU_UNRET_ENTRY and CONFIG_CPU_SRSO are all
tangled up. De-spaghettify the code a bit.
Some of the rethunk-related code has been shuffled around within the
'.text..__x86.return_thunk' section, but otherwise there are no
functional changes. srso_alias_untrain_ret() and srso_alias_safe_ret()
((which are very address-sensitive) haven't moved.
Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Acked-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/2845084ed303d8384905db3b87b77693945302b4.1693889988.git.jpoimboe@kernel.org
For enum switch statements which handle all possible cases, remove the
default case so a compiler warning gets printed if one of the enums gets
accidentally omitted from the switch statement.
Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Acked-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/fcf6feefab991b72e411c2aed688b18e65e06aed.1693889988.git.jpoimboe@kernel.org
SBPB is only enabled in two distinct cases:
1) when SRSO has been disabled with srso=off
2) when SRSO has been fixed (in future HW)
Simplify the control flow by getting rid of the 'pred_cmd' label and
moving the SBPB enablement check to the two corresponding code sites.
This makes it more clear when exactly SBPB gets enabled.
Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Acked-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/bb20e8569cfa144def5e6f25e610804bc4974de2.1693889988.git.jpoimboe@kernel.org
Move srso_alias_return_thunk() to the same section as
srso_alias_safe_ret() so they can share a cache line.
Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Acked-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/eadaf5530b46a7ae8b936522da45ae555d2b3393.1693889988.git.jpoimboe@kernel.org
CONFIG_CPU_SRSO isn't dependent on CONFIG_CPU_UNRET_ENTRY (AMD
Retbleed), so the two features are independently configurable. Fix
several issues for the (presumably rare) case where CONFIG_CPU_SRSO is
enabled but CONFIG_CPU_UNRET_ENTRY isn't.
Fixes: fb3bd914b3ec ("x86/srso: Add a Speculative RAS Overflow mitigation")
Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Acked-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/299fb7740174d0f2335e91c58af0e9c242b4bac1.1693889988.git.jpoimboe@kernel.org
The SRSO default safe-ret mitigation is reported as "mitigated" even if
microcode hasn't been updated. That's wrong because userspace may still
be vulnerable to SRSO attacks due to IBPB not flushing branch type
predictions.
Report the safe-ret + !microcode case as vulnerable.
Also report the microcode-only case as vulnerable as it leaves the
kernel open to attacks.
Fixes: fb3bd914b3ec ("x86/srso: Add a Speculative RAS Overflow mitigation")
Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Acked-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/a8a14f97d1b0e03ec255c81637afdf4cf0ae9c99.1693889988.git.jpoimboe@kernel.org
When overriding the requested mitigation with IBPB due to retbleed=ibpb,
print the mitigation in the usual format instead of a custom error
message.
Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Acked-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/ec3af919e267773d896c240faf30bfc6a1fd6304.1693889988.git.jpoimboe@kernel.org
If the kernel wasn't compiled to support the requested option, print the
actual option that ends up getting used.
Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Reviewed-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Acked-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/7e7a12ea9d85a9f76ca16a3efb71f262dee46ab1.1693889988.git.jpoimboe@kernel.org
Make the SBPB check more robust against the (possible) case where future
HW has SRSO fixed but doesn't have the SRSO_NO bit set.
Fixes: 1b5277c0ea0b ("x86/srso: Add SRSO_NO support")
Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Acked-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/cee5050db750b391c9f35f5334f8ff40e66c01b9.1693889988.git.jpoimboe@kernel.org
Qi Zheng reported crashes in a production environment and provided a
simplified example as a reproducer:
| For example, if we use Qemu to start a two NUMA node kernel,
| one of the nodes has 2M memory (less than NODE_MIN_SIZE),
| and the other node has 2G, then we will encounter the
| following panic:
|
| BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000000
| <...>
| RIP: 0010:_raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x22/0x40
| <...>
| Call Trace:
| <TASK>
| deactivate_slab()
| bootstrap()
| kmem_cache_init()
| start_kernel()
| secondary_startup_64_no_verify()
The crashes happen because of inconsistency between the nodemask that
has nodes with less than 4MB as memoryless, and the actual memory fed
into the core mm.
The commit:
9391a3f9c7f1 ("[PATCH] x86_64: Clear more state when ignoring empty node in SRAT parsing")
... that introduced minimal size of a NUMA node does not explain why
a node size cannot be less than 4MB and what boot failures this
restriction might fix.
Fixes have been submitted to the core MM code to tighten up the
memory topologies it accepts and to not crash on weird input:
mm: page_alloc: skip memoryless nodes entirely
mm: memory_hotplug: drop memoryless node from fallback lists
Andrew has accepted them into the -mm tree, but there are no
stable SHA1's yet.
This patch drops the limitation for minimal node size on x86:
- which works around the crash without the fixes to the core MM.
- makes x86 topologies less weird,
- removes an arbitrary and undocumented limitation on NUMA topologies.
[ mingo: Improved changelog clarity. ]
Reported-by: Qi Zheng <zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com>
Tested-by: Mario Casquero <mcasquer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport (IBM) <rppt@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Acked-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/ZS+2qqjEO5/867br@gmail.com
Implement the ->digest method to improve performance on single-page
messages by reducing the number of indirect calls.
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Implement a ->digest function for sha256-ssse3, sha256-avx, sha256-avx2,
and sha256-ni. This improves the performance of crypto_shash_digest()
with these algorithms by reducing the number of indirect calls that are
made.
For now, don't bother with this for sha224, since sha224 is rarely used.
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
the guest kernel gets to emulate certain instructions in SEV-{ES,SNP}
guests by:
- disabling emulation of MMIO instructions when coming from user mode
- checking the IO permission bitmap before emulating IO instructions and
verifying the memory operands of INS/OUTS insns.
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Merge tag 'sev_fixes_for_v6.6' of //git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull x86 fixes from Borislav Petkov:
"Take care of a race between when the #VC exception is raised and when
the guest kernel gets to emulate certain instructions in SEV-{ES,SNP}
guests by:
- disabling emulation of MMIO instructions when coming from user mode
- checking the IO permission bitmap before emulating IO instructions
and verifying the memory operands of INS/OUTS insns"
* tag 'sev_fixes_for_v6.6' of //git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86/sev: Check for user-space IOIO pointing to kernel space
x86/sev: Check IOBM for IOIO exceptions from user-space
x86/sev: Disable MMIO emulation from user mode
In TDX guest, the attestation process is used to verify the TDX guest
trustworthiness to other entities before provisioning secrets to the
guest. The first step in the attestation process is TDREPORT
generation, which involves getting the guest measurement data in the
format of TDREPORT, which is further used to validate the authenticity
of the TDX guest. TDREPORT by design is integrity-protected and can
only be verified on the local machine.
To support remote verification of the TDREPORT in a SGX-based
attestation, the TDREPORT needs to be sent to the SGX Quoting Enclave
(QE) to convert it to a remotely verifiable Quote. SGX QE by design can
only run outside of the TDX guest (i.e. in a host process or in a
normal VM) and guest can use communication channels like vsock or
TCP/IP to send the TDREPORT to the QE. But for security concerns, the
TDX guest may not support these communication channels. To handle such
cases, TDX defines a GetQuote hypercall which can be used by the guest
to request the host VMM to communicate with the SGX QE. More details
about GetQuote hypercall can be found in TDX Guest-Host Communication
Interface (GHCI) for Intel TDX 1.0, section titled
"TDG.VP.VMCALL<GetQuote>".
Trusted Security Module (TSM) [1] exposes a common ABI for Confidential
Computing Guest platforms to get the measurement data via ConfigFS.
Extend the TSM framework and add support to allow an attestation agent
to get the TDX Quote data (included usage example below).
report=/sys/kernel/config/tsm/report/report0
mkdir $report
dd if=/dev/urandom bs=64 count=1 > $report/inblob
hexdump -C $report/outblob
rmdir $report
GetQuote TDVMCALL requires TD guest pass a 4K aligned shared buffer
with TDREPORT data as input, which is further used by the VMM to copy
the TD Quote result after successful Quote generation. To create the
shared buffer, allocate a large enough memory and mark it shared using
set_memory_decrypted() in tdx_guest_init(). This buffer will be re-used
for GetQuote requests in the TDX TSM handler.
Although this method reserves a fixed chunk of memory for GetQuote
requests, such one time allocation can help avoid memory fragmentation
related allocation failures later in the uptime of the guest.
Since the Quote generation process is not time-critical or frequently
used, the current version uses a polling model for Quote requests and
it also does not support parallel GetQuote requests.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/169342399185.3934343.3035845348326944519.stgit@dwillia2-xfh.jf.intel.com/ [1]
Signed-off-by: Kuppuswamy Sathyanarayanan <sathyanarayanan.kuppuswamy@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Erdem Aktas <erdemaktas@google.com>
Tested-by: Kuppuswamy Sathyanarayanan <sathyanarayanan.kuppuswamy@linux.intel.com>
Tested-by: Peter Gonda <pgonda@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Tom Lendacky <thomas.lendacky@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Hyper-V enabled Windows Server 2022 KVM VM cannot be started on Zen1 Ryzen
since it crashes at boot with SYSTEM_THREAD_EXCEPTION_NOT_HANDLED +
STATUS_PRIVILEGED_INSTRUCTION (in other words, because of an unexpected #GP
in the guest kernel).
This is because Windows tries to set bit 8 in MSR_AMD64_TW_CFG and can't
handle receiving a #GP when doing so.
Give this MSR the same treatment that commit 2e32b7190641
("x86, kvm: Add MSR_AMD64_BU_CFG2 to the list of ignored MSRs") gave
MSR_AMD64_BU_CFG2 under justification that this MSR is baremetal-relevant
only.
Although apparently it was then needed for Linux guests, not Windows as in
this case.
With this change, the aforementioned guest setup is able to finish booting
successfully.
This issue can be reproduced either on a Summit Ridge Ryzen (with
just "-cpu host") or on a Naples EPYC (with "-cpu host,stepping=1" since
EPYC is ordinarily stepping 2).
Alternatively, userspace could solve the problem by using MSR filters, but
forcing every userspace to define a filter isn't very friendly and doesn't
add much, if any, value. The only potential hiccup is if one of these
"baremetal-only" MSRs ever requires actual emulation and/or has F/M/S
specific behavior. But if that happens, then KVM can still punt *that*
handling to userspace since userspace MSR filters "win" over KVM's default
handling.
Signed-off-by: Maciej S. Szmigiero <maciej.szmigiero@oracle.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/1ce85d9c7c9e9632393816cf19c902e0a3f411f1.1697731406.git.maciej.szmigiero@oracle.com
[sean: call out MSR filtering alternative]
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Sanitize the microcode scan loop, fixup printks and move the loading
function for builtin microcode next to the place where it is used and mark
it __init.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231002115902.389400871@linutronix.de
so it becomes less obfuscated and rename it because there is nothing
generic about it.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231002115902.330295409@linutronix.de
Mixed steppings aren't supported on Intel CPUs. Only one microcode patch
is required for the entire system. The caching of microcode blobs which
match the family and model is therefore pointless and in fact is
dysfunctional as CPU hotplug updates use only a single microcode blob,
i.e. the one where *intel_ucode_patch points to.
Remove the microcode cache and make it an AMD local feature.
[ tglx:
- save only at the end. Otherwise random microcode ends up in the
pointer for early loading
- free the ucode patch pointer in save_microcode_patch() only
after kmemdup() has succeeded, as reported by Andrew Cooper ]
Originally-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ashok Raj <ashok.raj@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231017211722.404362809@linutronix.de
Don't initialize "spte" and "sptep" in fast_page_fault() as they are both
guaranteed (for all intents and purposes) to be written at the start of
every loop iteration. Add a sanity check that "sptep" is non-NULL after
walking the shadow page tables, as encountering a NULL root would result
in "spte" not being written, i.e. would lead to uninitialized data or the
previous value being consumed.
Signed-off-by: Li zeming <zeming@nfschina.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230905182006.2964-1-zeming@nfschina.com
[sean: rewrite changelog with --verbose]
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Replace clear_bit_and_unlock_is_negative_byte() with
xor_unlock_is_negative_byte(). We have a few places that like to lock a
folio, set a flag and unlock it again. Allow for the possibility of
combining the latter two operations for efficiency. We are guaranteed
that the caller holds the lock, so it is safe to unlock it with the xor.
The caller must guarantee that nobody else will set the flag without
holding the lock; it is not safe to do this with the PG_dirty flag, for
example.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20231004165317.1061855-8-willy@infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Albert Ou <aou@eecs.berkeley.edu>
Cc: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Andreas Dilger <adilger.kernel@dilger.ca>
Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com>
Cc: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Cc: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Cc: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Define an X86_FEATURE_* flag for CPUID.80000021H:EAX.[bit 1], and
advertise the feature to userspace via KVM_GET_SUPPORTED_CPUID.
Per AMD's "Processor Programming Reference (PPR) for AMD Family 19h
Model 61h, Revision B1 Processors (56713-B1-PUB)," this CPUID bit
indicates that a WRMSR to MSR_FS_BASE, MSR_GS_BASE, or
MSR_KERNEL_GS_BASE is non-serializing. This is a change in previously
architected behavior.
Effectively, this CPUID bit is a "defeature" bit, or a reverse
polarity feature bit. When this CPUID bit is clear, the feature
(serialization on WRMSR to any of these three MSRs) is available. When
this CPUID bit is set, the feature is not available.
KVM_GET_SUPPORTED_CPUID must pass this bit through from the underlying
hardware, if it is set. Leaving the bit clear claims that WRMSR to
these three MSRs will be serializing in a guest running under
KVM. That isn't true. Though KVM could emulate the feature by
intercepting writes to the specified MSRs, it does not do so
today. The guest is allowed direct read/write access to these MSRs
without interception, so the innate hardware behavior is preserved
under KVM.
Signed-off-by: Jim Mattson <jmattson@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Maxim Levitsky <mlevitsk@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231005031237.1652871-1-jmattson@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
The 'kvmclock_periodic_sync' is a readonly param that cannot change after
bootup.
The kvm_arch_vcpu_postcreate() is not going to schedule the
kvmclock_sync_work if kvmclock_periodic_sync == false.
As a result, the "if (!kvmclock_periodic_sync)" can never be true if the
kvmclock_sync_work = kvmclock_sync_fn() is scheduled.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/kvm/a461bf3f-c17e-9c3f-56aa-726225e8391d@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Dongli Zhang <dongli.zhang@oracle.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231001213637.76686-1-dongli.zhang@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
32-bit loads microcode before paging is enabled. The commit which
introduced that has zero justification in the changelog. The cover
letter has slightly more content, but it does not give any technical
justification either:
"The problem in current microcode loading method is that we load a
microcode way, way too late; ideally we should load it before turning
paging on. This may only be practical on 32 bits since we can't get
to 64-bit mode without paging on, but we should still do it as early
as at all possible."
Handwaving word salad with zero technical content.
Someone claimed in an offlist conversation that this is required for
curing the ATOM erratum AAE44/AAF40/AAG38/AAH41. That erratum requires
an microcode update in order to make the usage of PSE safe. But during
early boot, PSE is completely irrelevant and it is evaluated way later.
Neither is it relevant for the AP on single core HT enabled CPUs as the
microcode loading on the AP is not doing anything.
On dual core CPUs there is a theoretical problem if a split of an
executable large page between enabling paging including PSE and loading
the microcode happens. But that's only theoretical, it's practically
irrelevant because the affected dual core CPUs are 64bit enabled and
therefore have paging and PSE enabled before loading the microcode on
the second core. So why would it work on 64-bit but not on 32-bit?
The erratum:
"AAG38 Code Fetch May Occur to Incorrect Address After a Large Page is
Split Into 4-Kbyte Pages
Problem: If software clears the PS (page size) bit in a present PDE
(page directory entry), that will cause linear addresses mapped through
this PDE to use 4-KByte pages instead of using a large page after old
TLB entries are invalidated. Due to this erratum, if a code fetch uses
this PDE before the TLB entry for the large page is invalidated then it
may fetch from a different physical address than specified by either the
old large page translation or the new 4-KByte page translation. This
erratum may also cause speculative code fetches from incorrect addresses."
The practical relevance for this is exactly zero because there is no
splitting of large text pages during early boot-time, i.e. between paging
enable and microcode loading, and neither during CPU hotplug.
IOW, this load microcode before paging enable is yet another voodoo
programming solution in search of a problem. What's worse is that it causes
at least two serious problems:
1) When stackprotector is enabled, the microcode loader code has the
stackprotector mechanics enabled. The read from the per CPU variable
__stack_chk_guard is always accessing the virtual address either
directly on UP or via %fs on SMP. In physical address mode this
results in an access to memory above 3GB. So this works by chance as
the hardware returns the same value when there is no RAM at this
physical address. When there is RAM populated above 3G then the read
is by chance the same as nothing changes that memory during the very
early boot stage. That's not necessarily true during runtime CPU
hotplug.
2) When function tracing is enabled, the relevant microcode loader
functions and the functions invoked from there will call into the
tracing code and evaluate global and per CPU variables in physical
address mode. What could potentially go wrong?
Cure this and move the microcode loading after the early paging enable, use
the new temporary initrd mapping and remove the gunk in the microcode
loader which is required to handle physical address mode.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231017211722.348298216@linutronix.de
Early microcode loading on 32-bit runs in physical address mode because
the initrd is not covered by the initial page tables. That results in
a horrible mess all over the microcode loader code.
Provide a temporary mapping for the initrd in the initial page tables by
appending it to the actual initial mapping starting with a new PGD or
PMD depending on the configured page table levels ([non-]PAE).
The page table entries are located after _brk_end so they are not
permanently using memory space. The mapping is invalidated right away in
i386_start_kernel() after the early microcode loader has run.
This prepares for removing the physical address mode oddities from all
over the microcode loader code, which in turn allows further cleanups.
Provide the map and unmap code and document the place where the
microcode loader needs to be invoked with a comment.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231017211722.292291436@linutronix.de
Create an aggregate config switch which covers X86_32, MICROCODE and
BLK_DEV_INITRD to avoid lengthy #ifdeffery in upcoming code.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231017211722.236208250@linutronix.de
Prepare it for adding a temporary initrd mapping by splitting out the
actual map loop.
No functional change.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231017211722.175910753@linutronix.de
Move the ifdeffery out of the function and use proper typedefs to make it
work for both 2 and 3 level paging.
No functional change.
[ bp: Move mk_early_pgtbl_32() declaration into a header. ]
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231017211722.111059491@linutronix.de
The x86 decompressor is built and linked as a separate executable, but
it shares components with the kernel proper, which are either #include'd
as C files, or linked into the decompresor as a static library (e.g, the
EFI stub)
Both the kernel itself and the decompressor define a global symbol
'boot_params' to refer to the boot_params struct, but in the former
case, it refers to the struct directly, whereas in the decompressor, it
refers to a global pointer variable referring to the struct boot_params
passed by the bootloader or constructed from scratch.
This ambiguity is unfortunate, and makes it impossible to assign this
decompressor variable from the x86 EFI stub, given that declaring it as
extern results in a clash. So rename the decompressor version (whose
scope is limited) to boot_params_ptr.
[ mingo: Renamed 'boot_params_p' to 'boot_params_ptr' for clarity ]
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Use the existing macro instead of undefining and redefining __pa().
No functional change.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231017211722.051625827@linutronix.de
Stackprotector cannot work before paging is enabled. The read from the per
CPU variable __stack_chk_guard is always accessing the virtual address
either directly on UP or via FS on SMP. In physical address mode this
results in an access to memory above 3GB.
So this works by chance as the hardware returns the same value when there
is no RAM at this physical address. When there is RAM populated above 3G
then the read is by chance the same as nothing changes that memory during
the very early boot stage.
Stop relying on pure luck and disable the stack protector for the only C
function which is called during early boot before paging is enabled.
Remove function tracing from the whole source file as there is no way to
trace this at all, but in case of CONFIG_DYNAMIC_FTRACE=n
mk_early_pgtbl_32() would access global function tracer variables in
physical address mode which again might work by chance.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231002115902.156063939@linutronix.de
You cannot run this code because arch/um/Makefile does not define the
vdso_install target.
It appears that this code was blindly copied from another architecture.
Remove the dead code.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Don't apply the stimer's counter side effects when modifying its
value from user-space, as this may trigger spurious interrupts.
For example:
- The stimer is configured in auto-enable mode.
- The stimer's count is set and the timer enabled.
- The stimer expires, an interrupt is injected.
- The VM is live migrated.
- The stimer config and count are deserialized, auto-enable is ON, the
stimer is re-enabled.
- The stimer expires right away, and injects an unwarranted interrupt.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 1f4b34f825e8 ("kvm/x86: Hyper-V SynIC timers")
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Saenz Julienne <nsaenz@amazon.com>
Reviewed-by: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231017155101.40677-1-nsaenz@amazon.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Update the variable with name 'kvm' in kvm_x86_ops.sched_in() to 'vcpu' to
avoid confusions. Variable naming in KVM has a clear convention that 'kvm'
refers to pointer of type 'struct kvm *', while 'vcpu' refers to pointer of
type 'struct kvm_vcpu *'.
Fix this 9-year old naming issue for fun.
Signed-off-by: Mingwei Zhang <mizhang@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231017232610.4008690-1-mizhang@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Building with GCC 11.x results in the following warning:
arch/x86/kernel/cpu/microcode/amd.c: In function ‘find_blobs_in_containers’:
arch/x86/kernel/cpu/microcode/amd.c:504:58: error: ‘h.bin’ directive output may be truncated writing 5 bytes into a region of size between 1 and 7 [-Werror=format-truncation=]
arch/x86/kernel/cpu/microcode/amd.c:503:17: note: ‘snprintf’ output between 35 and 41 bytes into a destination of size 36
The issue is that GCC does not know that the family can only be a byte
(it ultimately comes from CPUID). Suggest the right size to the compiler
by marking the argument as char-size ("hh"). While at it, instead of
using the slightly more obscure precision specifier use the width with
zero padding (over 23000 occurrences in kernel sources, vs 500 for
the idiom using the precision).
Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp@alien8.de>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/oe-kbuild-all/202308252255.2HPJ6x5Q-lkp@intel.com/
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231016224858.2829248-1-pbonzini@redhat.com
Stop kicking vCPUs in kvm_arch_sync_dirty_log() when PML is disabled.
Kicking vCPUs when PML is disabled serves no purpose and could
negatively impact guest performance.
This restores KVM's behavior to prior to 5.12 commit a018eba53870 ("KVM:
x86: Move MMU's PML logic to common code"), which replaced a
static_call_cond(kvm_x86_flush_log_dirty) with unconditional calls to
kvm_vcpu_kick().
Fixes: a018eba53870 ("KVM: x86: Move MMU's PML logic to common code")
Signed-off-by: David Matlack <dmatlack@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231016221228.1348318-1-dmatlack@google.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Convert all module params to octal permissions to improve code readability
and to make checkpatch happy:
WARNING: Symbolic permissions 'S_IRUGO' are not preferred. Consider using
octal permissions '0444'.
Signed-off-by: Peng Hao <flyingpeng@tencent.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20231013113020.77523-1-flyingpeng@tencent.com
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
